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Les phospholipases D (PLD) sont des hydrol … Les phospholipases D (PLD) sont des hydrolases associées aux membranes qui catalysent l'hydrolyse des phospholipides, et particulièrement de la phosphatidylcholine, pour générer de la choline et de l'acide phosphatidique. Les mammifères possèdent six isoformes de PLD, notés PLD1 à PLD6. Les PLD1 et PLD2 sont catalytiquement actives, et ce sont les isoformes les mieux décrites à ce jour. Les PLD3, PLD4 et PLD5 ne semblent pas avoir d'activité catalytique et leur fonction est encore discutée. La PLD6 fonctionne en dimère et hydrolyse la cardiolipine mitochondriale. La PLD aurait un rôle important dans de nombreux processus physiologiques : le mûrissement des fruits, le trafic membranaire, la régulation du cytosquelette d'actine, le trafic vésiculaire et la migration cellulaire. Les PLD1 et PLD2 seraient particulièrement impliquées dans le cancer. Les autres types de phospholipases sont la phospholipase A1, la phospholipase A2, la phospholipase B et la phospholipase C. la phospholipase B et la phospholipase C.
, Fosfolipasa D es una enzima localizada en … Fosfolipasa D es una enzima localizada en la membrana plasmática que hidroliza el lípido fosfatidilcolina a ácido fosfatídico (que queda alojado en la membrana) y colina (hidrosoluble y capaz de difundir en el citosol). En humanos hay dos isoformas de esta enzima, y . Relacionada con la transducción de señales, interactúa con proteín kinasas como PKC, y (algunas de las cuales están en la ruta MAPK). Cabe destacar que la colina, elemento común en la célula, no es una señal interna per se, y que su abundancia no varía en términos apreciables debido a la actividad de esta enzima. El ácido fosfatídico, en cambio, sí interviene como molécula señal y es capaz de reclutar a la a la membrana. Además, este ácido es hidrolizádo rápidamente pro parte de la , dando lugar a diacilglicerol (DAG), el cual es un compuesto clave en las rutas de señalización celular; no obstante, pese a la capacidad de interconversión sus funciones se encuentran delimitadas en rutas biológicas distintas.elimitadas en rutas biológicas distintas.
, Phospholipase D (EC 3.1.4.4, lipophosphodi … Phospholipase D (EC 3.1.4.4, lipophosphodiesterase II, lecithinase D, choline phosphatase, PLD; systematic name phosphatidylcholine phosphatidohydrolase) is an enzyme of the phospholipase superfamily that catalyses the following reaction a phosphatidylcholine + H2O = choline + a phosphatidate Phospholipases occur widely, and can be found in a wide range of organisms, including bacteria, yeast, plants, animals, and viruses. Phospholipase D's principal substrate is phosphatidylcholine, which it hydrolyzes to produce the signal molecule phosphatidic acid (PA), and soluble choline in a cholesterol dependent process called substrate presentation. Plants contain numerous genes that encode various PLD isoenzymes, with molecular weights ranging from 90 to 125 kDa. Mammalian cells encode two isoforms of phospholipase D: PLD1 and PLD2. Phospholipase D is an important player in many physiological processes, including membrane trafficking, cytoskeletal reorganization, receptor-mediated endocytosis, exocytosis, and cell migration. Through these processes, it has been further implicated in the pathophysiology of multiple diseases: in particular the progression of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, as well as various cancers. PLD may also help set the threshold for sensitivity to anesthesia and mechanical force.tivity to anesthesia and mechanical force.
, Фосфолипаза D (КФ 3.1.4.4, англ. phospholi … Фосфолипаза D (КФ 3.1.4.4, англ. phospholipase D) — фосфолипаза, гидролизующая фосфодиэфирную связь между остатком фосфолипида и головной группой полярной части. Относится к фосфодиэстеразам также как и фосфолипаза C. Существует 2 изоформы этой фосфолипазы D1 и D2. Обе изоформы специфически расщепляют фосфатидилхолин на фосфатидную кислоту и холин, высвобождая последний в цитоплазму. Изоформы имеют различную внутриклеточную локализацию. Фосфолипаза D1 расположена в аппарате Гольджи, эндосомах, лизосомах и в секреторных гранулах, тогда как фосфолипаза D2 локализуется в липидных рафтах плазматической мембраны.
* фосфатидилхолин
*
* холинй мембраны.
* фосфатидилхолин
*
* холин
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| rdfs:comment |
Фосфолипаза D (КФ 3.1.4.4, англ. phospholi … Фосфолипаза D (КФ 3.1.4.4, англ. phospholipase D) — фосфолипаза, гидролизующая фосфодиэфирную связь между остатком фосфолипида и головной группой полярной части. Относится к фосфодиэстеразам также как и фосфолипаза C. Существует 2 изоформы этой фосфолипазы D1 и D2. Обе изоформы специфически расщепляют фосфатидилхолин на фосфатидную кислоту и холин, высвобождая последний в цитоплазму. Изоформы имеют различную внутриклеточную локализацию. Фосфолипаза D1 расположена в аппарате Гольджи, эндосомах, лизосомах и в секреторных гранулах, тогда как фосфолипаза D2 локализуется в липидных рафтах плазматической мембраны.в липидных рафтах плазматической мембраны.
, Fosfolipasa D es una enzima localizada en … Fosfolipasa D es una enzima localizada en la membrana plasmática que hidroliza el lípido fosfatidilcolina a ácido fosfatídico (que queda alojado en la membrana) y colina (hidrosoluble y capaz de difundir en el citosol). En humanos hay dos isoformas de esta enzima, y . Relacionada con la transducción de señales, interactúa con proteín kinasas como PKC, y (algunas de las cuales están en la ruta MAPK).nas de las cuales están en la ruta MAPK).
, Phospholipase D (EC 3.1.4.4, lipophosphodi … Phospholipase D (EC 3.1.4.4, lipophosphodiesterase II, lecithinase D, choline phosphatase, PLD; systematic name phosphatidylcholine phosphatidohydrolase) is an enzyme of the phospholipase superfamily that catalyses the following reaction a phosphatidylcholine + H2O = choline + a phosphatidatelcholine + H2O = choline + a phosphatidate
, Les phospholipases D (PLD) sont des hydrol … Les phospholipases D (PLD) sont des hydrolases associées aux membranes qui catalysent l'hydrolyse des phospholipides, et particulièrement de la phosphatidylcholine, pour générer de la choline et de l'acide phosphatidique. Les mammifères possèdent six isoformes de PLD, notés PLD1 à PLD6. Les PLD1 et PLD2 sont catalytiquement actives, et ce sont les isoformes les mieux décrites à ce jour. Les PLD3, PLD4 et PLD5 ne semblent pas avoir d'activité catalytique et leur fonction est encore discutée. La PLD6 fonctionne en dimère et hydrolyse la cardiolipine mitochondriale. La PLD aurait un rôle important dans de nombreux processus physiologiques : le mûrissement des fruits, le trafic membranaire, la régulation du cytosquelette d'actine, le trafic vésiculaire et la migration cellulaire. Les PLD1 et P et la migration cellulaire. Les PLD1 et P
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| rdfs:label |
Fosfolipasa D
, Phospholipase D
, Фосфолипаза D
|
