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Asymetrická hydrogenace je chemická reakce … Asymetrická hydrogenace je chemická reakce, při které se dva atomy vodíku navážou na molekulu substrátu s trojrozměrnou prostorovou selektivitou. Příčina této selektivity by neměla pocházet ze samotné molekuly substrátu, ale z jiných reaktantů nebo z katalyzátoru. Tímto se může chiralita přenést z reaktantu na substrát, čímž vznikne produkt obsahující pouze jeden enantiomer. Chiralitu obvykle zajišťuje katalyzátor, díky čemuž jedna molekula může přenést informaci o chiralitě na mnoho molekul substrátu, čímž se množství přítomné chirality navyšuje. Podobné procesy probíhají i v přírodě, kde chirální molekuly, jako jsou některé enzymy, katalyzují tvorbu chirálních center a produktů, například aminokyselin v jednom enantiomeru, který je potřebný ke správné funkci buňky. Napodobením těchto dějů lze připravit mnoho nových syntetických sloučenin interagujících s biologickými systémy konkrétním způsobem, například při vývoji léčiv a agrochemikálií. O rozvoj asymetrické hydrogenace ve výzkumu i průmyslu se zasloužili William Standish Knowles a Rjódži Nojori, kteří v roce 2001 společně obdrželi Nobelovu cenu za chemii.společně obdrželi Nobelovu cenu za chemii.
, الهدرجة غير المتماثلة (بالإنجليزية: Asymme … الهدرجة غير المتماثلة (بالإنجليزية: Asymmetric hydrogenation) هي تفاعل كيميائي يضيف ذرتين من الهيدروجين بشكل تفضيلي إلى أحد وجهين لجزيء ركيزة غير مشبع ، مثل ألكين أو كيتون. الانتقائية مشتقة من الطريقة التي ترتبط بها الركيزة بالمحفزات اللولبية. في المصطلحات ، ينقل هذا الارتباط المعلومات المكانية (ما يشير إليه الكيميائيون باسم chirality) من المحفز إلى الهدف ، ويفضل المنتج باعتباره متماثلًا واحدًا. يتم تطبيق هذه «الانتقائية الشبيهة بالإنزيم» على تخليق بعض العوامل الصيدلانية التجارية والكيماويات الزراعية. الصيدلانية التجارية والكيماويات الزراعية.
, Asymmetric hydrogenation is a chemical rea … Asymmetric hydrogenation is a chemical reaction that adds two atoms of hydrogen to a target (substrate) molecule with three-dimensional spatial selectivity. Critically, this selectivity does not come from the target molecule itself, but from other reagents or catalysts present in the reaction. This allows spatial information (what chemists refer to as chirality) to transfer from one molecule to the target, forming the product as a single enantiomer. The chiral information is most commonly contained in a catalyst and, in this case, the information in a single molecule of catalyst may be transferred to many substrate molecules, amplifying the amount of chiral information present. Similar processes occur in nature, where a chiral molecule like an enzyme can catalyse the introduction of a chiral centre to give a product as a single enantiomer, such as amino acids, that a cell needs to function. By imitating this process, chemists can generate many novel synthetic molecules that interact with biological systems in specific ways, leading to new pharmaceutical agents and agrochemicals. The importance of asymmetric hydrogenation in both academia and industry contributed to two of its pioneers — William Standish Knowles and Ryōji Noyori — being awarded one half of the 2001 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.half of the 2001 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
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الهدرجة غير المتماثلة (بالإنجليزية: Asymme … الهدرجة غير المتماثلة (بالإنجليزية: Asymmetric hydrogenation) هي تفاعل كيميائي يضيف ذرتين من الهيدروجين بشكل تفضيلي إلى أحد وجهين لجزيء ركيزة غير مشبع ، مثل ألكين أو كيتون. الانتقائية مشتقة من الطريقة التي ترتبط بها الركيزة بالمحفزات اللولبية. في المصطلحات ، ينقل هذا الارتباط المعلومات المكانية (ما يشير إليه الكيميائيون باسم chirality) من المحفز إلى الهدف ، ويفضل المنتج باعتباره متماثلًا واحدًا. يتم تطبيق هذه «الانتقائية الشبيهة بالإنزيم» على تخليق بعض العوامل الصيدلانية التجارية والكيماويات الزراعية. الصيدلانية التجارية والكيماويات الزراعية.
, Asymmetric hydrogenation is a chemical rea … Asymmetric hydrogenation is a chemical reaction that adds two atoms of hydrogen to a target (substrate) molecule with three-dimensional spatial selectivity. Critically, this selectivity does not come from the target molecule itself, but from other reagents or catalysts present in the reaction. This allows spatial information (what chemists refer to as chirality) to transfer from one molecule to the target, forming the product as a single enantiomer. The chiral information is most commonly contained in a catalyst and, in this case, the information in a single molecule of catalyst may be transferred to many substrate molecules, amplifying the amount of chiral information present. Similar processes occur in nature, where a chiral molecule like an enzyme can catalyse the introduction of a chirme can catalyse the introduction of a chir
, Asymetrická hydrogenace je chemická reakce … Asymetrická hydrogenace je chemická reakce, při které se dva atomy vodíku navážou na molekulu substrátu s trojrozměrnou prostorovou selektivitou. Příčina této selektivity by neměla pocházet ze samotné molekuly substrátu, ale z jiných reaktantů nebo z katalyzátoru. Tímto se může chiralita přenést z reaktantu na substrát, čímž vznikne produkt obsahující pouze jeden enantiomer. Chiralitu obvykle zajišťuje katalyzátor, díky čemuž jedna molekula může přenést informaci o chiralitě na mnoho molekul substrátu, čímž se množství přítomné chirality navyšuje. Podobné procesy probíhají i v přírodě, kde chirální molekuly, jako jsou některé enzymy, katalyzují tvorbu chirálních center a produktů, například aminokyselin v jednom enantiomeru, který je potřebný ke správné funkci buňky. Napodobením těchto dějrávné funkci buňky. Napodobením těchto děj
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هدرجة غير متماثلة
, Asymmetric hydrogenation
, Asymetrická hydrogenace
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