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Theory and Construction of a Rational Heat … Theory and Construction of a Rational Heat Motor (German: Theorie und Konstruktion eines rationellen Wärmemotors zum Ersatz der Dampfmaschine und der heute bekannten Verbrennungsmotoren; English: Theory and construction of a rational heat motor with the purpose of replacing the steam engine and the internal combustion engines known today) is an essay written by German engineer Rudolf Diesel. It was composed in 1892, and first published by Springer in 1893. A translation into English followed in 1894. One thousand copies of the German first edition were printed. In this essay, Rudolf Diesel describes his idea of an internal combustion engine based on the Carnot cycle, transforming heat energy into kinetic energy using high pressure, with a thermal efficiency of up to 73%, outperforming any steam engine of the time. Diesel sent copies of his essay to famous German engineers and university professors for spreading and promoting his idea. He received plenty of negative feedback; many considered letting Diesel's heat engine become reality unfeasible, because of the high pressures of 200–300 atm (20.3–30.4 MPa) occurring, which they thought machines of the time could not withstand. Only few found the actual mistake in Diesel's theory: Isothermal-adiabatic compression, which the theory is based on, is impossible. Even with almost isothermal-adiabatic compression, an engine could not operate because of the lean air-fuel mixture. In other words, an engine as described in the essay would require so much compression work that it could not perform any useful work. Yet, some scientists of the time praised Diesel's idea, which would lead into Maschinenfabrik Augsburg and Krupp Essen forming a consortium for building Diesel's engine. Diesel, who was then ordered to build his own engine, realised his mistake and considered using a modified combustion process. Key changes are the way of compression, which is only adiabatic in the modified combustion process, the pressure, which Diesel reduced significantly, and the fuel injection, where Diesel increased the fuel quantity. In 1897, after four years of work, Diesel had successfully finished his rational heat motor using his modified combustion process. This engine became known as the Diesel engine. Publicly, Diesel never admitted that he had to use a different combustion process from that one he described in his essay, because this would have rendered his heat motor patent obsolete.e rendered his heat motor patent obsolete.
, Theory and Construction of a Rational Heat … Theory and Construction of a Rational Heat Motor ("Teoria e construção de um motor térmico racional") (em alemão: Theorie und Konstruktion eines rationellen Wärmemotors zum Ersatz der Dampfmaschine und der heute bekannten Verbrennungsmotoren; em Inglês: Theory and construction of a rational heat motor with the purpose of replacing the steam engine and the internal combustion engines known today) é um ensaio escrito pelo engenheiro alemão Rudolf Diesel. Foi composto em 1892 e publicado pela primeira vez pela Springer em 1893. Uma tradução para o inglês seguiu-se em 1894. Foram impressos mil exemplares da primeira edição alemã. Neste ensaio, Rudolf Diesel descreve sua ideia de um motor de combustão interna baseado no ciclo de Carnot, transformando energia térmica em energia cinética usando alta pressão, com eficiência térmica de até 73%, superando qualquer máquina a vapor da época. Diesel enviou cópias de seu ensaio para famosos engenheiros alemães e professores universitários para divulgar e promover sua ideia. Ele recebeu muitos comentários negativos; muitos consideraram que deixar o motor térmico de Diesel se tornar realidade inviável, por causa das altas pressões de 200-300 atm (20,3-30,4 MPa), que eles pensavam que as máquinas da época não podiam suportar. Apenas poucos encontraram o verdadeiro erro na teoria de Diesel: a compressão isotérmica - adiabática, na qual a teoria se baseia, é impossível. Mesmo com compressão quase isotérmica-adiabática, um motor não poderia operar por causa da mistura ar-combustível pobre. Em outras palavras, um motor como descrito no ensaio exigiria tanto trabalho de compressão que não poderia realizar nenhum trabalho útil. No entanto, alguns cientistas da época elogiaram a ideia de Diesel, que levaria a Maschinenfabrik Augsburg e a Krupp Essen a formar um consórcio para construir o motor da Diesel. Diesel, que foi então obrigado a construir seu próprio motor, percebeu seu erro e considerou usar um processo de combustão modificado. As principais mudanças são a forma de compressão, que é apenas adiabática no processo de combustão modificado, a pressão, que o Diesel reduziu significativamente, e a injeção de combustível, onde o Diesel aumentou a quantidade de combustível. Em 1897, após quatro anos de trabalho, Diesel terminou com sucesso seu motor térmico racional usando seu processo de combustão modificado. Este motor ficou conhecido como motor Diesel. Publicamente, Diesel nunca admitiu que teve que usar um processo de combustão diferente daquele que descreveu em seu ensaio, porque isso tornaria sua patente de motor térmico obsoleta.ria sua patente de motor térmico obsoleta.
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Theory and Construction of a Rational Heat … Theory and Construction of a Rational Heat Motor (German: Theorie und Konstruktion eines rationellen Wärmemotors zum Ersatz der Dampfmaschine und der heute bekannten Verbrennungsmotoren; English: Theory and construction of a rational heat motor with the purpose of replacing the steam engine and the internal combustion engines known today) is an essay written by German engineer Rudolf Diesel. It was composed in 1892, and first published by Springer in 1893. A translation into English followed in 1894. One thousand copies of the German first edition were printed. In this essay, Rudolf Diesel describes his idea of an internal combustion engine based on the Carnot cycle, transforming heat energy into kinetic energy using high pressure, with a thermal efficiency of up to 73%, outperforming any fficiency of up to 73%, outperforming any
, Theory and Construction of a Rational Heat … Theory and Construction of a Rational Heat Motor ("Teoria e construção de um motor térmico racional") (em alemão: Theorie und Konstruktion eines rationellen Wärmemotors zum Ersatz der Dampfmaschine und der heute bekannten Verbrennungsmotoren; em Inglês: Theory and construction of a rational heat motor with the purpose of replacing the steam engine and the internal combustion engines known today) é um ensaio escrito pelo engenheiro alemão Rudolf Diesel. Foi composto em 1892 e publicado pela primeira vez pela Springer em 1893. Uma tradução para o inglês seguiu-se em 1894. Foram impressos mil exemplares da primeira edição alemã. Neste ensaio, Rudolf Diesel descreve sua ideia de um motor de combustão interna baseado no ciclo de Carnot, transformando energia térmica em energia cinética usando nergia térmica em energia cinética usando
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