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Progetto 112 (112 fa riferimento al numero … Progetto 112 (112 fa riferimento al numero d'appartenenza nel processo di revisione) è il nome in cui rientrano una serie di esperimenti scientifico-militari per la realizzazione di armi chimiche e biologiche, condotti dall'US Army tra il 1962 e il 1973. Iniziato sotto l'amministrazione Kennedy , il progetto fu autorizzato dal segretario della Difesa Robert McNamara nel piano di un quadro di revisione completa della panoramica logistica e militare degli Stati Uniti. Al finanziamento della ricerca militare contribuì ogni ramo delle forze armate. Le armi vennero sperimentate nei siti: Deseret Test Center e Deseret Chemical Depot , nell'area di Fort Douglas (Utah). Lo scopo ufficiale del progetto era di sperimentare gli effetti delle armi biologiche e chimiche sul personale di servizio, naturalmente ignaro della presenza degli agenti nelle aree di lavoro. Oltre a ciò, altre persone furono esposte inconsapevolmente alle tossine su navi da guerra USA.lmente alle tossine su navi da guerra USA.
, المشروع 112 هو مشروع لتجريب الأسلحة البيول … المشروع 112 هو مشروع لتجريب الأسلحة البيولوجية والكيميائية أجرته وزارة الدفاع الأمريكية من عام 1962 إلى عام 1973. بدأ المشروع تحت إدارة جون ف. كينيدي، وتم الاشراف عليه من قبل وزير دفاعه روبرت ماكنامارا، كجزء من عملية تحديث الجيش الأمريكي. يشير اسم «مشروع 112» إلى رقم هذا المشروع في عملية التحديث التي قام بها وزير الدفاع. وقد ساهم كل فرع من فروع القوات المسلحة ووكالات الاستخبارات الأمريكية في التمويل والكوادر. كما شاركت كندا والمملكة المتحدة أيضًا في بعض أنشطة المشروع 112 يتعلق المشروع 112 في المقام الأول باستخدام الرش الجوي لنشر المركبات البيولوجية والكيميائية التي يمكن أن تعمل على ارباك العدو. كما تم إجراء برنامج الاختبار على نطاق واسع فيما يعرف ب«مواقع الاختبار خارج القارات» في وسط وجنوب المحيط الهادئ وألاسكا بالتعاون مع بريطانيا وكندا وأستراليا. تم إجراء ما لا يقل عن 50 تجربة؛ من هذه 18 اختبارًا على الأقل تضمنت محاكاة لعوامل بيولوجية (مثل BG)، وما لا يقل عن 14 اختبارًا اشتملت على عوامل كيميائية بما في ذلك السارين و VX، والغاز المسيل للدموع في محاكاة الأخرى. تضمنت مواقع الاختبار بورتون داون في المملكة المتحدة ورالستون في كندا وما لا يقل عن 13 سفينة حربية أمريكية حيث تم تنسيق المشروع من مركز اختبار صحراء يوتا. و من الجدير بالذكر أن المعلومات المتاحة للعلن حول المشروع 112 لا تزال غير مكتملة. للعلن حول المشروع 112 لا تزال غير مكتملة.
, Le Projet 112 était un programme expérimen … Le Projet 112 était un programme expérimental d'armes chimiques et biologiques mené sous la conduite du Département de la Défense des États-Unis de 1962 à 1973. Ce projet est né sous l'administration de John Fitzgerald Kennedy et a été autorisé par son secrétaire de la défense Robert McNamara dans le cadre d'un réexamen complet des systèmes de défense des États-Unis. Le nom de Projet 112 fait référence au numéro de ce programme parmi les 150 propositions de ce réexamen autorisé par McNamara. Toutes les composantes de l'armée des États-Unis ainsi que les agences de renseignement (un euphémisme pour la Direction de la science et technologie du de la CIA) y ont participé, aussi bien financièrement que directement avec leur personnel. Le Canada et le Royaume-Uni ont également participé à certaines activités du Projet 112. Le Projet 112 s'est d'abord penché sur l'utilisation d'aérosols pour répandre des produits chimiques et biologiques qui pourraient provoquer des incapacités temporaires contrôlées. Le programme de test devait être mené à grande échelle hors des 48 états des USA continentaux, dans le Pacifique Sud, le Pacifique Central et l'Alaska ceci de concert avec la Grande-Bretagne, le Canada et l'Australie. Au moins 50 essais ont été réalisés dont au moins 18 concernaient des "imitations" d'agents biologiques (comme le Bacillus subtilis) et au moins 14 concernaient des produits chimiques y compris le gaz sarin et le gaz VX, mais aussi des gaz lacrymogènes et d'autres produits semblables. Les lieux des tests ont été Porton Down (Grande-Bretagne), (Canada) et au moins 13 navires de guerre de l'US Navy ; les essais embarqués ont été nommés SHAD (pour Shipboard Hazard And Defense soit Défense et Danger Embarqués). Le projet a été coordonné depuis le dans l'Utah, à 100 km au sud-ouest de Salt Lake City. Jusqu'en 2005, les informations disponibles sur le Projet 112 sont restées incomplètes.ur le Projet 112 sont restées incomplètes.
, Project 112 was a biological and chemical … Project 112 was a biological and chemical weapon experimentation project conducted by the United States Department of Defense from 1962 to 1973. The project started under John F. Kennedy's administration, and was authorized by his Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara, as part of a total review of the US military. The name "Project 112" refers to this project's number in the 150 project review process authorized by McNamara. Funding and staff were contributed by every branch of the U.S. armed services and intelligence agencies—a euphemism for the Office of Technical Services of the Central Intelligence Agency's Directorate of Science & Technology. Canada and the United Kingdom also participated in some Project 112 activities. Project 112 primarily concerned the use of aerosols to disseminate biological and chemical agents that could produce "controlled temporary incapacitation" (CTI). The test program would be conducted on a large scale at "extracontinental test sites" in the Central and South Pacific and Alaska in conjunction with Britain, Canada and Australia. At least 50 trials were conducted; of these at least 18 tests involved simulants of biological agents (such as BG), and at least 14 involved chemical agents including sarin and VX, but also tear gas and other simulants. Test sites included Porton Down (UK), Ralston (Canada) and at least 13 US warships; the shipborne trials were collectively known as Shipboard Hazard and Defense—SHAD. The project was coordinated from Deseret Test Center, Utah. As of 2005, publicly available information on Project 112 remains incomplete.rmation on Project 112 remains incomplete.
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المشروع 112 هو مشروع لتجريب الأسلحة البيول … المشروع 112 هو مشروع لتجريب الأسلحة البيولوجية والكيميائية أجرته وزارة الدفاع الأمريكية من عام 1962 إلى عام 1973. بدأ المشروع تحت إدارة جون ف. كينيدي، وتم الاشراف عليه من قبل وزير دفاعه روبرت ماكنامارا، كجزء من عملية تحديث الجيش الأمريكي. يشير اسم «مشروع 112» إلى رقم هذا المشروع في عملية التحديث التي قام بها وزير الدفاع. وقد ساهم كل فرع من فروع القوات المسلحة ووكالات الاستخبارات الأمريكية في التمويل والكوادر. كما شاركت كندا والمملكة المتحدة أيضًا في بعض أنشطة المشروع 112 و من الجدير بالذكر أن المعلومات المتاحة للعلن حول المشروع 112 لا تزال غير مكتملة. للعلن حول المشروع 112 لا تزال غير مكتملة.
, Progetto 112 (112 fa riferimento al numero … Progetto 112 (112 fa riferimento al numero d'appartenenza nel processo di revisione) è il nome in cui rientrano una serie di esperimenti scientifico-militari per la realizzazione di armi chimiche e biologiche, condotti dall'US Army tra il 1962 e il 1973. Iniziato sotto l'amministrazione Kennedy , il progetto fu autorizzato dal segretario della Difesa Robert McNamara nel piano di un quadro di revisione completa della panoramica logistica e militare degli Stati Uniti. Al finanziamento della ricerca militare contribuì ogni ramo delle forze armate.re contribuì ogni ramo delle forze armate.
, Le Projet 112 était un programme expérimen … Le Projet 112 était un programme expérimental d'armes chimiques et biologiques mené sous la conduite du Département de la Défense des États-Unis de 1962 à 1973. Ce projet est né sous l'administration de John Fitzgerald Kennedy et a été autorisé par son secrétaire de la défense Robert McNamara dans le cadre d'un réexamen complet des systèmes de défense des États-Unis. Le nom de Projet 112 fait référence au numéro de ce programme parmi les 150 propositions de ce réexamen autorisé par McNamara. Toutes les composantes de l'armée des États-Unis ainsi que les agences de renseignement (un euphémisme pour la Direction de la science et technologie du de la CIA) y ont participé, aussi bien financièrement que directement avec leur personnel. Le Canada et le Royaume-Uni ont également participé à certRoyaume-Uni ont également participé à cert
, Project 112 was a biological and chemical … Project 112 was a biological and chemical weapon experimentation project conducted by the United States Department of Defense from 1962 to 1973. The project started under John F. Kennedy's administration, and was authorized by his Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara, as part of a total review of the US military. The name "Project 112" refers to this project's number in the 150 project review process authorized by McNamara. Funding and staff were contributed by every branch of the U.S. armed services and intelligence agencies—a euphemism for the Office of Technical Services of the Central Intelligence Agency's Directorate of Science & Technology. Canada and the United Kingdom also participated in some Project 112 activities.rticipated in some Project 112 activities.
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