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Morris Selig Kharasch (August 24, 1895 – O … Morris Selig Kharasch (August 24, 1895 – October 9, 1957) was a pioneering organic chemist best known for his work with free radical additions and polymerizations. He defined the peroxide effect, explaining how an anti-Markovnikov orientation could be achieved via free radical addition. Kharasch was born in the Russian Empire in 1895 and immigrated to the United States at the age of 13. In 1919, he completed his Ph.D. in chemistry at the University of Chicago and spent most of his professional career there. Most of his research in the 1920s focused on organo-mercuric derivatives. He synthesized an important anti-microbial alkyl mercuric sulfur compound, thimerosal, commercially known as Merthiolate, which he patented in 1928 and assigned to the pharmaceutical company Eli Lilly and Company. Merthiolate was introduced as a vaccine preservative in 1931, and by the late 1980s thimerosal was used in all whole-cell DPT vaccines. Nobel laureate Herbert C. Brown was one of his students during the 1930s. When World War II began, the US government recognized the need for a synthetic rubber and employed the best chemists around to aid in this effort. In 1942, Kharasch joined the American Synthetic Rubber Research Program and applied his knowledge of radical reactions to aid in the polymerization of synthetic styrene. In his later years, Kharasch devoted his attention to studying the Grignard reaction and in 1954 co-authored a book with O. Reinmuth entitled Grignard Reactions of Nonmetallic Substances.gnard Reactions of Nonmetallic Substances.
, Morris Selig Kharasch (1895-1957) est chim … Morris Selig Kharasch (1895-1957) est chimiste pionnier en chimie organique. Morris Kharasch est en particulier connu pour son travail dans les additions radicalaires et les polymérisations. Il définit l'effet peroxyde expliquant comment une orientation anti-Markovnikov pouvait être obtenue lors d'une addition radicalaire.e obtenue lors d'une addition radicalaire.
, Morris Selig Kharasch è stato un chimico ucraino naturalizzato statunitense.È considerato un pioniere della moderna chimica organica per i suoi contributi sul ruolo dei radicali e delle reazioni a catena in sintesi organica.
, Morris Selig Kharasch (* 24. August 1895 i … Morris Selig Kharasch (* 24. August 1895 in Kremenez, Ukraine; † 9. Oktober 1957 in Kopenhagen) war ein US-amerikanischer Chemiker. Er war Professor für Organische Chemie an der University of Chicago. Kharasch kam 1908 mit seiner Familie in die USA und studierte ab 1913 an der University of Chicago mit dem Bachelor-Abschluss 1917 und der Promotion 1919 bei Jean-Felix Piccard. Er war ab 1922 Professor an der University of Maryland in Baltimore und ab 1928 außerordentlicher Professor und ab 1935 ordentlicher Professor an der University of Chicago, ab 1957 als Direktor des Instituts für Organische Chemie. Er zeigte mit Forschungen ab 1930, dass es unter dem Einfluss freier Radikale Reaktionen gibt, die die Markownikow-Regel verletzten. Er zeigte das am Beispiel der Reaktion von 3-Brompropen mit Bromwasserstoff: ohne Anwesenheit von Sauerstoff/Peroxiden bildete sich vorzugsweise 1,2-Dibrompropan entsprechend der Markownikow-Regel, mit Anwesenheit von Sauerstoff/Peroxid vorzugsweise 1,3-Dibrompropan, was die Regel verletzte (Peroxideffekt nach Kharasch). Er befasste sich mit organischen Quecksilberverbindungen und synthetisierte Thiomersal (Merthilat), das er 1928 patentieren ließ (das Patent überließ er Eli Lilly) und das wegen seiner antibakteriellen Wirkung ab 1931 als Zusatz in Impfstoffen Verwendung fand. Im Zweiten Weltkrieg arbeitete er im Synthetikkautschukprogramm der US-Regierung. 1936 gründete er das Journal of Organic Chemistry. 1946 wurde er in die National Academy of Sciences gewählt. 1952 erhielt er die Richards Medal der ACS und 1949 den Scott Award des Franklin Institute.Die zur Acyloxylierung ist nach ihm benannt. Später befasste er sich mit Grignard-Reaktionen. Zu seinen Studenten gehörte Herbert C. Brown und Russell Marker.hörte Herbert C. Brown und Russell Marker.
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Morris Selig Kharasch è stato un chimico ucraino naturalizzato statunitense.È considerato un pioniere della moderna chimica organica per i suoi contributi sul ruolo dei radicali e delle reazioni a catena in sintesi organica.
, Morris Selig Kharasch (* 24. August 1895 i … Morris Selig Kharasch (* 24. August 1895 in Kremenez, Ukraine; † 9. Oktober 1957 in Kopenhagen) war ein US-amerikanischer Chemiker. Er war Professor für Organische Chemie an der University of Chicago. Kharasch kam 1908 mit seiner Familie in die USA und studierte ab 1913 an der University of Chicago mit dem Bachelor-Abschluss 1917 und der Promotion 1919 bei Jean-Felix Piccard. Er war ab 1922 Professor an der University of Maryland in Baltimore und ab 1928 außerordentlicher Professor und ab 1935 ordentlicher Professor an der University of Chicago, ab 1957 als Direktor des Instituts für Organische Chemie.ektor des Instituts für Organische Chemie.
, Morris Selig Kharasch (August 24, 1895 – O … Morris Selig Kharasch (August 24, 1895 – October 9, 1957) was a pioneering organic chemist best known for his work with free radical additions and polymerizations. He defined the peroxide effect, explaining how an anti-Markovnikov orientation could be achieved via free radical addition. Kharasch was born in the Russian Empire in 1895 and immigrated to the United States at the age of 13. In 1919, he completed his Ph.D. in chemistry at the University of Chicago and spent most of his professional career there.ent most of his professional career there.
, Morris Selig Kharasch (1895-1957) est chim … Morris Selig Kharasch (1895-1957) est chimiste pionnier en chimie organique. Morris Kharasch est en particulier connu pour son travail dans les additions radicalaires et les polymérisations. Il définit l'effet peroxyde expliquant comment une orientation anti-Markovnikov pouvait être obtenue lors d'une addition radicalaire.e obtenue lors d'une addition radicalaire.
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Morris S. Kharasch
, Morris Selig Kharasch
, Morris Kharasch
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