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Le Réacteur expérimental à sels fondus (en … Le Réacteur expérimental à sels fondus (en anglais : Molten-salt Reactor Experiment, MSRE) était un réacteur nucléaire expérimental à sels fondus d'une puissance de 7,4 MW construit au Laboratoire national d'Oak Ridge (ORNL), aux États-Unis, en 1964. Il a divergé en 1965 et a été exploité jusqu'en 1969. Succédant à l'Aircraft Reactor Experiment (ARE), le MSRE visait à démontrer la faisabilité du concept de réacteur de puissance à sels fondus. Trois types de matière fissile ont été testées : l'uranium 235, l'Uranium 233 et enfin du plutonium 239. Il était initialement prévu de faire fonctionner le MSRE avec un mélange de thorium 232 et d'uranium 233, mais ce programme d'essais a été annulé. Le MSRE n'est pas un réacteur à vocation électrogène. La chaleur produite dans le cœur est transférée dans un circuit secondaire dont le fluide caloporteur est également un sel fondu (sans combustible), puis libérée dans l'atmosphère via un système de refroidissement composé d'un radiateur et de ventilateurs. Le MSRE a été exploité pendant 1,5 année équivalent pleine puissance.ant 1,5 année équivalent pleine puissance.
, The Molten-Salt Reactor Experiment (MSRE) … The Molten-Salt Reactor Experiment (MSRE) was an experimental molten salt reactor at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) researching this technology through the 1960s; constructed by 1964, it went critical in 1965 and was operated until 1969. The costs of a cleanup project were estimated at about $130 million. The MSRE was a 7.4 MWth test reactor simulating the neutronic "kernel" of a type of inherently safer epithermal thorium breeder reactor called the liquid fluoride thorium reactor. It primarily used two fuels: first uranium-235 and later uranium-233. The latter 233UF4 was the result of breeding from thorium in other reactors. Since this was an engineering test, the large, expensive breeding blanket of thorium salt was omitted in favor of neutron measurements. In the MSRE, the heat from the reactor core was shed via a cooling system using air blown over radiators. It is thought similar reactors could power high-efficiency heat engines such as closed-cycle gas turbines. The MSRE's piping, core vat and structural components were made from Hastelloy-N and its moderator was a pyrolytic graphite core. The fuel for the MSRE was LiF-BeF2-ZrF4-UF4 (65-29-5-1), the graphite core moderated it, and its secondary coolant was FLiBe (2LiF-BeF2), it operated as hot as 650 °C and operated for the equivalent of about 1.5 years of full power operation. The result promised to be a simple, reliable reactor. The purpose of the Molten-Salt Reactor Experiment was to demonstrate that some key features of the proposed molten-salt power reactors could be embodied in a practical reactor that could be operated safely and reliably and be maintained without excessive difficulty. For simplicity, it was to be a fairly small, one-fluid (i.e. non-breeding) reactor operating at 10 MWth or less, with heat rejection to the air via a secondary (fuel-free) salt. the air via a secondary (fuel-free) salt.
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Le Réacteur expérimental à sels fondus (en … Le Réacteur expérimental à sels fondus (en anglais : Molten-salt Reactor Experiment, MSRE) était un réacteur nucléaire expérimental à sels fondus d'une puissance de 7,4 MW construit au Laboratoire national d'Oak Ridge (ORNL), aux États-Unis, en 1964. Il a divergé en 1965 et a été exploité jusqu'en 1969. Le MSRE a été exploité pendant 1,5 année équivalent pleine puissance.ant 1,5 année équivalent pleine puissance.
, The Molten-Salt Reactor Experiment (MSRE) … The Molten-Salt Reactor Experiment (MSRE) was an experimental molten salt reactor at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) researching this technology through the 1960s; constructed by 1964, it went critical in 1965 and was operated until 1969. The costs of a cleanup project were estimated at about $130 million. In the MSRE, the heat from the reactor core was shed via a cooling system using air blown over radiators. It is thought similar reactors could power high-efficiency heat engines such as closed-cycle gas turbines.engines such as closed-cycle gas turbines.
|
| rdfs:label |
Molten-Salt Reactor Experiment
, Réacteur expérimental à sels fondus
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