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Vere Gordon Childe (14 avril 1892 – 19 oct … Vere Gordon Childe (14 avril 1892 – 19 octobre 1957) était un archéologue australien. Il a dirigé la fouille du site néolithique de Skara Brae, en Écosse. Il est aussi connu pour avoir popularisé les expressions « Révolution néolithique » et « Révolution urbaine ». Il a surtout été l'un des grands archéologues capables de replacer leurs découvertes au sein d'une théorie du développement préhistorique à l'échelle européenne et mondiale. Ses idées marxistes ont nourri sa pensée sur la Préhistoire.s ont nourri sa pensée sur la Préhistoire.
, Вир Гордон Чайлд (Чайльд) (англ. Vere Gord … Вир Гордон Чайлд (Чайльд) (англ. Vere Gordon Childe; 14 апреля 1892, Сидней — 19 октября 1957, близ Катумбы, Маунт Виктория, Новый Южный Уэльс, Австралия) — британско-австралийский историк-марксист, один из ведущих археологов XX века. Член Британской академии с 1940. Автор понятий «неолитическая революция» и «урбанистическая революция». Основоположник антропологического неоэволюционизма.ожник антропологического неоэволюционизма.
, Vere Gordon Childe (Sydney, 14 aprile 1892 … Vere Gordon Childe (Sydney, 14 aprile 1892 – , 19 ottobre 1957) è stato un archeologo australiano, che lavorò per la maggior parte della sua vita in Gran Bretagna. Conosciuto per lo scavo del sito neolitico meglio conservato d'Europa, quello di Skara Brae, nelle Isole Orcadi, egli è noto soprattutto per le sue grandi sintesi sulla preistoria europea. Fu il primo ad introdurre i concetti di "cultura archeologica", di "rivoluzione neolitica" e di "rivoluzione urbana". È ritenuto il padre della moderna paletnologia ed ha il merito di aver portato la preistoria da semplice studio antiquario a vera e propria scienza storica.tiquario a vera e propria scienza storica.
, Vere Gordon Childe (14. dubna 1892 v North … Vere Gordon Childe (14. dubna 1892 v North Sydney, Austrálie – 19. října 1957 , Nový Jižní Wales) byl archeolog, historik a lingvista. Díky své vědecké všestrannosti na poli historie a archeologie je pokládán za jednoho z nejvýznamnějších archeologů 20. století; centrem jeho vědeckého zájmu byl vztah Blízkého východu a Evropy v době neolitu. Je tvůrcem termínu „neolitická revoluce“ (Neolithic Revolution) a „“ (Urban Revolution). Byl také tvůrcem difuzionistické teorie (viz neolit).ůrcem difuzionistické teorie (viz neolit).
, Vere Gordon CHILDE (naskiĝis la 14-an de a … Vere Gordon CHILDE (naskiĝis la 14-an de aprilo 1892; mortis la 19-an de oktobro 1957) estis aŭstralia arkeologo, kiu specializiĝis en la studado de la prahistorio en Eŭropo. Li pasigis plej el sia vivo en la Unuiĝinta Reĝlando, esplorante por la Universitato de Edinburgo kaj poste por la Instituto de Arkeologio, en Londono, kaj verkis 26 librojn dum sia kariero. Dekomence frua defendanto de kultur-historia arkeologio, li poste iĝis la unua defendanto de la marksisma arkeologio en Okcidento. Li estris ekzemple la serĉlaborojn de Skara Brae, en Skotio. la serĉlaborojn de Skara Brae, en Skotio.
, Vere Gordon Childe (Sydney, Imperi britànic, 14 d'abril de 1892 – , Austràlia, 19 d'octubre de 1957) fou un arqueòleg i filòleg australià, reconegut pels seus treballs sobre prehistòria, especialment pel que fa als processos de .
, Vere Gordon Childe (Sídney, 14 de abril de … Vere Gordon Childe (Sídney, 14 de abril de 1892-, 19 de octubre de 1957) fue un arqueólogo y filólogo australiano especializado en el estudio de la prehistoria europea. Dedicó la mayor parte de su vida a la investigación académica en el Reino Unido; en la Universidad de Edimburgo primero y en el Instituto de Arqueología de Londres después. En total escribió 36 libros y fue uno de los primeros teóricos de la y de la . Nacido en una familia australiana de clase media y de ascendencia inglesa, cursó estudios clásicos en la Universidad de Sídney antes de trasladarse a Inglaterra donde se licenció en arqueología clásica por la Universidad de Oxford. Durante esos años se unió al movimiento socialista e hizo campaña contra la Primera Guerra Mundial, pues la veía como un conflicto auspiciado por las potencias europeas en defensa de sus intereses imperialistas en detrimento de la clase obrera. En 1917 regresó a Australia, pero debido a su activismo político se le prohibió ejercer como profesor universitario. En su lugar entró en el Partido Laborista y trabajó durante dos años como asistente de , primer ministro del Estado de Nueva Gales del Sur. Tras esta etapa, publicó un libro en el que analizaba críticamente las políticas laboristas y se unió al sindicato Industrial Workers of the World (IWW). En 1921 regresó a Europa y se estableció en Londres, donde ejerció como bibliotecario en el y continuó investigando la prehistoria europea a través de varios viajes por el continente. Asimismo publicó diversos trabajos en los que introdujo por primera vez en la comunidad arqueológica británica el concepto de Historicismo cultural, ya presente en la arqueología europea continental. Entre 1927 y 1946 fue profesor de Arqueología en la Universidad de Edimburgo y de 1957 director del Instituto de Arqueología de Londres. Durante estas tres décadas supervisó numerosas excavaciones en Escocia y en Irlanda del Norte, especialmente en las islas Orcadas. Allí estudió el Neolítico a partir del yacimiento de Skara Brae y las tumbas de cámara de Maeshowe y . Paralelamente, publicó con bastante frecuencia memorias de excavación, artículos científicos y libros. En 1934 fundó junto a y a , una sociedad arqueológica de la que fue su primer presidente. Tampoco renunció a su ideología; se acercó al marxismo y utilizó los planteamientos del materialismo histórico para interpretar el registro arqueológico. En esta misma línea, no ocultó sus simpatías hacia la Unión Soviética y visitó el país en numerosas ocasiones, si bien cambió de postura tras la Revolución húngara de 1956. Tras su jubilación regresó a Australia, donde se suicidó en octubre de 1957. Childe ha sido ampliamente reconocido como uno de los arqueólogos y prehistoriadores más importantes de su generación. Recibió el sobrenombre de «gran sintetizador» por haber condensado y enfocado la investigación regional hacia un marco más amplio como es la prehistoria de Europa y de Oriente Próximo. Igualmente reseñable es su énfasis en el carácter revolucionario del desarrollo económico y tecnológico de las sociedades humanas, reflejado en los conceptos de Revolución neolítica y Revolución urbana los cuales se inspiran en el marxismo.ana los cuales se inspiran en el marxismo.
, فير غوردون تشايلد (بالإنجليزية: Vere Gordo … فير غوردون تشايلد (بالإنجليزية: Vere Gordon Childe)، (14 أبريل 1892 – 19 أكتوبر 1957) عالم آثار من مواليد أستراليا، له اكتشافات مهمة في مجال المصنوعات الأوروبية، في ما قبل التاريخ. وقد استحدث وسائل مهمة لتفسير اكتشافاته ألقت الضوء على الحياة الاجتماعية المتغيرة للجماعات البدائية. تضم مطبوعات تشايلد الثلاثمائة: فجر الحضارة (1925م)، الذي يتحدث عن أصول الحضارة وترتيق صورة للماضي (1954م) الذي يتحدث عن وسيلة لتفسير آثار . (1954م) الذي يتحدث عن وسيلة لتفسير آثار .
, Vere Gordon Childe atau biasa dikenal deng … Vere Gordon Childe atau biasa dikenal dengan V. Gordon Childe (lahir 14 April 1892 di Sydney, New South Wales, Australia - meninggal 19 Oktober 1957 di , New South Wales pada umur 65 tahun) adalah seorang sejarawan, ahli bahasa, dan arkeolog Australia yang mempelajari masa prasejarah Eropa pada milenium kedua dan ketiga sebelum masehi. Ia berusaha menunjukkan bagaimana kemajuan teknologi menandai lahirnya peradaban manusia. Childe menempuh pendidikannya di Universitas Oxford di bawah bimbingan Sir Arthur Evans dan . Di sana, ia belajar tentang hubungan arkeologi dan bahasa Indo-Arya. Dari sinilah ia kemudian menerbitkan karyanya "The Dawn of European Civilization" (1925) dan "The Arya" (1926). Karya-karyanya yang lain "The Dawn of European Civilization" (1925), dan "The Danube in Prehistory" (1929), keduanya merupakan karya klasik tentang masa prasejarah Eropa. Pada tahun 1927 hingga 1946, Childe menjabat sebagai profesor arkeologi prasejarah di Universitas Edinburgh. Di samping itu ia juga menjabat seabagai direktur Institut Arkeologi, Universitas London, hingga tahun 1956. Pemikiran Childe banyak dipengaruhi oleh "Origin of Species" (1859) karya Charles Darwin dan positivisme Auguste Comte, Max Weber, dan Sir Edward B. Tylor.Comte, Max Weber, dan Sir Edward B. Tylor.
, Vere Gordon Childe (ur. 14 kwietnia 1892, Sydney, zm. 19 października 1957, Blue Mountains) – australijski archeolog i antropolog kultury.
, 维尔·戈登·柴尔德（英語：Vere Gordon Childe，1892年4月14日 … 维尔·戈登·柴尔德（英語：Vere Gordon Childe，1892年4月14日－1957年10月19日），澳大利亚考古学家，主要研究欧洲史前史。虽然是澳大利亚人，但他一生主要在英国渡过，先后在爱丁堡大学和任职。柴尔德对考古学理论做出了巨大贡献，早年持的观点，被看作这一考古学派的开创者；后来他又改持的观点，成为这一学派在西方最早的代表人物；他甚至对他死后产生的过程主义考古学和后过程主义考古学也有着不可忽视的贡献。他的一生著作等身，著书二十六部。 柴尔德出生于悉尼的一个中产阶级英国移民家庭。他曾在悉尼大學学习古典學，之后前往英国牛津大学学习古典考古学。他在牛津开始参与社会主义运动，参加反对一战的活动，认为一战是帝国主义之间因损害欧洲工人阶级利益的竞争而引发的冲突。1917年，25岁的柴尔德回到澳大利亚，但因为他有社会主义倾向，而被禁止进行学术工作，于是他开始为工作，成为了的私人秘书。但他渐渐的对工党感到不满，于是开始写书分析他们的政策、加入了极左翼组织：世界产业工人。1921年他搬回英国，来到伦敦，在皇家人类学学会当图书管理员，期间他游历欧洲，继续研究欧洲大陆的史前史，在学术期刊、书籍上发表了他的研究发现。这段日子里，他把考古学文化的概念（通过反复出现的来界定不同的群体），从欧洲大陆介绍到了英国考古学界。 1927-46年，他在爱丁堡大学担任考古学教授、1946-57年在当所长。这三十年间，他负责了苏格兰和北爱尔兰的，通过发掘斯卡拉布雷新石器时代的聚落遗址、梅肖韦古墓和来研究新石器时代的奥克尼社会，发表了大量文章，出版了许多发掘报告、期刊论文和专著。1934年，他和和共同创办了，并担任第一任主席。作为一个坚定的社会主义者，他接受了马克思主义，并不再用历史-文化的方法，而改将历史唯物主义作为考古资料的解释框架。他成为了苏联的同情者，去了4次，但匈牙利1956年革命后，他开始怀疑苏联外交政策。虽然柴尔德多次被受邀到美国演讲，但他的信仰导致他在法律上被禁止进入美国。退休后，他回到澳大利亚的藍山，在那里结束了自己的生命。 柴尔德是20世纪最知名、被引用最广泛的考古学家之一；是将局部的区域研究，同整个近东-欧洲史前史的大背景相结合的集大成者。他还强调革命性技术和经济发展在人类社会中的作用，例如新石器革命和，反映了马克思主义关于社会发展的思想对他的影响。虽然他的许多论断后来都被推翻了，但他在考古界仍倍受尊重。于社会发展的思想对他的影响。虽然他的许多论断后来都被推翻了，但他在考古界仍倍受尊重。
, 비어 고든 차일드(Vere Gordon Childe, 1892년 4월 14일~1957년 10월 19일)는 오스트레일리아의 언어학자로 이후에 고고학을 전공하게 되는 인물이다. 스카라 브라에의 신석기 유적을 영국의 스콧틀랜드의 오크니 제도에서 발견과 선사 시대에 대한 마르크스주의적 사관으로 명성을 날렸다. 그는 또한 '신석기 혁명'과 ''이라는 용어를 만들어 냈다. 그는 유럽과 범세계적인 선사 시대 이론 개발의 선구자적인 역할인 위대한 고고학자였다.
, Vere Gordon Childe (Sydney, 1892ko apirila … Vere Gordon Childe (Sydney, 1892ko apirilaren 14 - 1957ko urriaren 19) historiaurreko ikerketaren gainean eragin handia zuen arkeologo australiarra izan zen. Europan eta Ekialde Hurbilean lan egin zuen batez ere. Neolitoko Skara Brae aztarnategian indusketak egindakoan, Neolito Iraultza eta kontzeptuak sortu zituen. Historiaren inguruan ikuspegi marxista izanda, uste zuen kultura materialak eragin handia zuela gizarteen gainean. Hori dela eta, uste zuen zibilizazioaren garapena arkeologiaren bidez aurkitu ahal zen teknologia-aldaketak eragina zela. Bere aurkikuntzak kokatzeko, Europako Historiaurreko sintesia garatu zuen, non teknologiaren hedapenek herrien migrazioak zekartzaten. hedapenek herrien migrazioak zekartzaten.
, ヴィア・ゴードン・チャイルド（Vere Gordon Childe、1892年4月14日 - 1957年10月19日)は、オーストラリア生まれの考古学者・文献学者。ヨーロッパ先史時代の研究を専門とし、新石器革命（食料生産革命）、を提案した。また、マルクス主義の社会・経済理論との視点を結合させ、異端視されたの提唱者でもある。
, Vere Gordon Childe (14 April 1892 – 19 Oct … Vere Gordon Childe (14 April 1892 – 19 October 1957) was an Australian Marxist archaeologist who specialised in the study of European prehistory. He spent most of his life in the United Kingdom, working as an academic for the University of Edinburgh and then the Institute of Archaeology, London. He wrote twenty-six books during his career. Initially an early proponent of culture-historical archaeology, he later became the first exponent of Marxist archaeology in the Western world. Born in Sydney to a middle-class English migrant family, Childe studied classics at the University of Sydney before moving to England to study classical archaeology at the University of Oxford. There, he embraced the socialist movement and campaigned against the First World War, viewing it as a conflict waged by competing imperialists to the detriment of Europe's working class. Returning to Australia in 1917, he was prevented from working in academia because of his socialist activism. Instead, he worked for the Labor Party as the private secretary of the politician John Storey. Growing critical of Labor, he wrote an analysis of their policies and joined the radical labour organisation Industrial Workers of the World. Emigrating to London in 1921, he became librarian of the Royal Anthropological Institute and journeyed across Europe to pursue his research into the continent's prehistory, publishing his findings in academic papers and books. In doing so, he introduced the continental European concept of an archaeological culture—the idea that a recurring assemblage of artefacts demarcates a distinct cultural group—to the British archaeological community. From 1927 to 1946 he worked as the Abercromby Professor of Archaeology at the University of Edinburgh, and then from 1947 to 1957 as the director of the Institute of Archaeology, London. During this period he oversaw the excavation of archaeological sites in Scotland and Northern Ireland, focusing on the society of Neolithic Orkney by excavating the settlement of Skara Brae and the chambered tombs of Maeshowe and Quoyness. In these decades he published prolifically, producing excavation reports, journal articles, and books. With Stuart Piggott and Grahame Clark he co-founded The Prehistoric Society in 1934, becoming its first president. Remaining a committed socialist, he embraced Marxism, and—rejecting culture-historical approaches—used Marxist ideas such as historical materialism as an interpretative framework for archaeological data. He became a sympathiser with the Soviet Union and visited the country on several occasions, although he grew sceptical of Soviet foreign policy following the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. His beliefs resulted in him being legally barred from entering the United States, despite receiving repeated invitations to lecture there. Upon retirement, he returned to Australia's Blue Mountains, where he committed suicide. One of the best-known and most widely cited archaeologists of the twentieth century, Childe became known as the "great synthesizer" for his work integrating regional research with a broader picture of Near Eastern and European prehistory. He was also renowned for his emphasis on the role of revolutionary technological and economic developments in human society, such as the Neolithic Revolution and the Urban Revolution, reflecting the influence of Marxist ideas concerning societal development. Although many of his interpretations have since been discredited, he remains widely respected among archaeologists.ins widely respected among archaeologists.
, Vere Gordon Childe (Sydney, 14 april 1892 … Vere Gordon Childe (Sydney, 14 april 1892 – , 19 oktober 1957) was een Australische filoloog, die zich later specialiseerde in archeologie. Hij legde Skara Brae op de Orkneyeilanden bloot, een vondst uit het neolithicum (1928). Childes invalshoek wat betreft de prehistorie was marxistisch gekleurd. Hij is de bedenker van de termen neolithic revolution (neolithische revolutie) en urban revolution (stedelijke revolutie). Childe was een van de grote denkers wat betreft het combineren van zijn ontdekkingen en de theorie van de prehistorische ontwikkeling op een bredere Europese en wereldwijde schaal.en bredere Europese en wereldwijde schaal.
, Vere Gordon Childe, född 14 april 1892 i S … Vere Gordon Childe, född 14 april 1892 i Sydney, Australien, död 19 oktober 1957 i Greater Blue Mountains i New South Wales, Australien, var en australiensisk arkeolog, mest känd för sin utgrävning av den unika neolitiska boplatsen i Skara Brae på Orkneyöarna och för sitt marxistiska synsätt på förhistorien. Childe är också känd för att ha myntat uttrycken "Neolithic Revolution" och "Urban Revolution", välkända begrepp inom ämnet arkeologi som kan översättas till Den neolitiska revolutionen och Den urbana revolutionen. Han försökte även sammanföra sina arkeologiska upptäckter med samhällsteorier som berättade om utvecklingen av det förhistoriska samhället. Childe var bosatt i Europa 1921-1956, verkade som professor i arkeologi i Edinburgh 1927-1946 och i London 1946-1956.dinburgh 1927-1946 och i London 1946-1956.
, Ο Βηρ Γκόρντον Τσάιλντ (Vere Gordon Childe … Ο Βηρ Γκόρντον Τσάιλντ (Vere Gordon Childe, 14 Απριλίου 1892 - 19 Οκτωβρίου 1957) ήταν Αυστραλός αρχαιολόγος, περισσότερο γνωστός πιθανώς για την ανασκαφή του μοναδικού νεολιθικού αρχαιολογικού οικισμού του Σκάρα Μπράε στις νήσους Όρκνι και τις μαρξιστικές απόψεις του, οι οποίες και διαμόρφωσαν τη σκέψη του για την Προϊστορία. Πιστώθηκε με την επινόηση του όρου "Νεολιθική επανάσταση" και "Αστική επανάσταση". Υπήρξε μια από τις μεγαλύτερες συνθετικές φυσιογνωμίες του αρχαιολογικού γίγνεσθαι, που προσπάθησε να θέσει τις ανακαλύψεις του σε ένα γενικότερο θεωρητικό πλαίσιο για την προϊστορική εξέλιξη σε ευρωπαϊκή και παγκόσμια κλίμακα.ξέλιξη σε ευρωπαϊκή και παγκόσμια κλίμακα.
, Vere Gordon Childe (Sydney, 14 de abril de … Vere Gordon Childe (Sydney, 14 de abril de 1892 — Montanhas Azuis, 19 de outubro de 1957) foi um filólogo australiano que se especializou em arqueologia, talvez mais conhecido por suas escavações no site Neolítico de Skara Brae, em Orkney, e por suas visões marxistas sobre a pré-história. Foi ele quem cunhou os termos Revolução Neolítica e Revolução Urbana.os Revolução Neolítica e Revolução Urbana.
, Вір Гордон Чайлд (англ. Vere Gordon Childe … Вір Гордон Чайлд (англ. Vere Gordon Childe, 1892 — 1957) — англо-австралійський археолог і філолог, дослідник давньої історії Європи. Член Британської академії (з 1940), академік Единбурзького університету, директор Інституту археології Лондонського університету (1946—1956).гії Лондонського університету (1946—1956).
, Vere Gordon Childe (* 14. April 1892 in No … Vere Gordon Childe (* 14. April 1892 in North Sydney, Australien; † 19. Oktober 1957 in den Blue Mountains, New South Wales) war ein australisch-britischer marxistischer Archäologe und Archäologietheoretiker, der für die Zeit von 1925 bis 1957 als einer der bedeutendsten Kenner der europäischen Vorgeschichte galt.enner der europäischen Vorgeschichte galt.
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1957
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, https://archive.org/details/skarabaeofficialguidethirdedition1950images +
, https://archive.org/details/grahameclarkinte00faga +
, http://www.isj.org.uk/index.php4%3Fid=367&issue=116 +
, http://dro.dur.ac.uk/6990/1/6990.pdf%3FDDD6%2Bdrk3mjm%2Bdul4eg +
, https://www.ai-journal.com/jms/article/download/ai.1817/425 +
, https://semanticscholar.org/paper/1f80643068905587210d326a3b142fb9602cbd4b +
, https://web.archive.org/web/20131108223926/http:/archive.archaeology.org/online/reviews/indy/ +
, https://archive.org/details/historyofarchaeo0000trig +
, https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.283123 +
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| http://dbpedia.org/property/1a
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Playford
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|
| http://dbpedia.org/property/1p
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153
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| http://dbpedia.org/property/1pp
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932
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| http://dbpedia.org/property/1y
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1994
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, 1980
, 1981
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|
| http://dbpedia.org/property/2a
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Champion
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| http://dbpedia.org/property/2p
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769
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, 41
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1931
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1990
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| http://dbpedia.org/property/3a
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Richards
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| http://dbpedia.org/property/3p
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141
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| http://dbpedia.org/property/3pp
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242
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, 12
, 52
, 96
, 97
|
| http://dbpedia.org/property/3y
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1994
, 1995
, 1999
, 2007
, 2008
, 2009
, 1981
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| http://dbpedia.org/property/4a
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Evans
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"The Marxist view of history and prehistor … "The Marxist view of history and prehistory is admittedly material determinist and materialist. But its determinism does not mean mechanism. The Marxist account is in fact termed 'dialectical materialism'. It is deterministic in as much as it assumes that the historical process is not a mere succession of inexplicable or miraculous happenings, but that all the constituent events are interrelated and form an intelligible pattern."related and form an intelligible pattern."
, "As the [Australian] Labour Party, startin … "As the [Australian] Labour Party, starting with a band of inspired Socialists, degenerated into a vast machine for capturing political power, but did not know how to use that political power except for the profit of individuals; so the [[[One Big Union |One Big Union]]] will, in all likelihood, become just a gigantic apparatus for the glorification of a few bosses. Such is the history of all Labour organizations in Australia, and that is not because they are Australian, but because they are Labour." Australian, but because they are Labour."
, "To me Marxism means effectively a way of … "To me Marxism means effectively a way of approach to and a methodological device for the interpretation of historical and archaeological material and I accept it because and in so far as it works. To the average communist and anti-communist alike... Marxism means a set of dogmas—the words of the master from which as among mediaeval schoolmen, one must deduce truths which the scientist hopes to infer from experiment and observation."to infer from experiment and observation."
, "We find certain types of remains—pots, im … "We find certain types of remains—pots, implements, ornaments, burial rites, house forms—constantly recurring together. Such a complex of regularly associated traits we shall term a 'cultural group' or just a 'culture'. We assume that such a complex is the material expression of what today would be called a people."n of what today would be called a people."
, "By far the most important source [of Chil … "By far the most important source [of Childe's thinking], especially in the early stages of his career, was the highly developed western European archaeology, which had been established as a scientific discipline for over a century. His research and publications took the form mainly of contributions to the development of that tradition. His thinking was also influenced, however, by ideas derived from Soviet archaeology and American anthropology as well as from more remote disciplines. He had a subsidiary interest in philosophy and politics, and was more concerned than were most archaeologists of his time with justifying the social value of archaeology."stifying the social value of archaeology."
, "While he may not have provided answers th … "While he may not have provided answers that modern archaeologists find satisfactory, [Childe] challenged colleagues of his own and succeeding decades by constructing a vision of archaeology that was as broad as that of other social sciences, but which also took account of the particular strengths and limitations of archaeological data."s and limitations of archaeological data."
, "Because the early Hindus and Persians did … "Because the early Hindus and Persians did really call themselves Aryans, this term was adopted by some nineteenth-century philologists to designate the speakers of the 'parent tongue'. It is now applied scientifically only to the Hindus, Iranian peoples and the rulers of Mitanni whose linguistic ancestors spoke closely related dialects and even worshipped common deities. As used by Nazis and anti-semites generally, the term 'Aryan' means as little as the words 'Bolshie' and 'Red' in the mouths of crusted tories."nd 'Red' in the mouths of crusted tories."
, "The most original and useful contribution … "The most original and useful contributions that I may have made to prehistory are certainly not novel data rescued by brilliant excavation from the soil or by patient research from dusty museum cases, nor yet well founded chronological schemes nor freshly defined cultures, but rather interpretative concepts and methods of explanation."tive concepts and methods of explanation."
, "My Oxford training was in the Classical tradition to which bronzes, terracottas and pottery were respectable while stone and bone tools were banausic."
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— Gordon Childe criticising the Nazi conception of an Aryan race, What Happened in History, 1942.
, — Bruce Trigger, 1980.
, — Gordon Childe, How Labour Governs, 1923.
, — Gordon Childe, 1958.
, — Gordon Childe, The Danube in Prehistory, 1929.
, — Gordon Childe, in letter to Rajani Palme Dutt, 1938.
, — Gordon Childe, 1979 [1949].
, — Gordon Childe, 1957.
, — Bruce Trigger, 1994
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Vere Gordon Childe (14 April 1892 – 19 Oct … Vere Gordon Childe (14 April 1892 – 19 October 1957) was an Australian Marxist archaeologist who specialised in the study of European prehistory. He spent most of his life in the United Kingdom, working as an academic for the University of Edinburgh and then the Institute of Archaeology, London. He wrote twenty-six books during his career. Initially an early proponent of culture-historical archaeology, he later became the first exponent of Marxist archaeology in the Western world. Marxist archaeology in the Western world.
, Ο Βηρ Γκόρντον Τσάιλντ (Vere Gordon Childe … Ο Βηρ Γκόρντον Τσάιλντ (Vere Gordon Childe, 14 Απριλίου 1892 - 19 Οκτωβρίου 1957) ήταν Αυστραλός αρχαιολόγος, περισσότερο γνωστός πιθανώς για την ανασκαφή του μοναδικού νεολιθικού αρχαιολογικού οικισμού του Σκάρα Μπράε στις νήσους Όρκνι και τις μαρξιστικές απόψεις του, οι οποίες και διαμόρφωσαν τη σκέψη του για την Προϊστορία. Πιστώθηκε με την επινόηση του όρου "Νεολιθική επανάσταση" και "Αστική επανάσταση". Υπήρξε μια από τις μεγαλύτερες συνθετικές φυσιογνωμίες του αρχαιολογικού γίγνεσθαι, που προσπάθησε να θέσει τις ανακαλύψεις του σε ένα γενικότερο θεωρητικό πλαίσιο για την προϊστορική εξέλιξη σε ευρωπαϊκή και παγκόσμια κλίμακα.ξέλιξη σε ευρωπαϊκή και παγκόσμια κλίμακα.
, Vere Gordon Childe (Sydney, 14 april 1892 – , 19 oktober 1957) was een Australische filoloog, die zich later specialiseerde in archeologie. Hij legde Skara Brae op de Orkneyeilanden bloot, een vondst uit het neolithicum (1928).
, Vere Gordon Childe (Sydney, 1892ko apirilaren 14 - 1957ko urriaren 19) historiaurreko ikerketaren gainean eragin handia zuen arkeologo australiarra izan zen. Europan eta Ekialde Hurbilean lan egin zuen batez ere.
, Вір Гордон Чайлд (англ. Vere Gordon Childe … Вір Гордон Чайлд (англ. Vere Gordon Childe, 1892 — 1957) — англо-австралійський археолог і філолог, дослідник давньої історії Європи. Член Британської академії (з 1940), академік Единбурзького університету, директор Інституту археології Лондонського університету (1946—1956).гії Лондонського університету (1946—1956).
, Вир Гордон Чайлд (Чайльд) (англ. Vere Gord … Вир Гордон Чайлд (Чайльд) (англ. Vere Gordon Childe; 14 апреля 1892, Сидней — 19 октября 1957, близ Катумбы, Маунт Виктория, Новый Южный Уэльс, Австралия) — британско-австралийский историк-марксист, один из ведущих археологов XX века. Член Британской академии с 1940. Автор понятий «неолитическая революция» и «урбанистическая революция». Основоположник антропологического неоэволюционизма.ожник антропологического неоэволюционизма.
, Vere Gordon Childe (Sydney, Imperi britànic, 14 d'abril de 1892 – , Austràlia, 19 d'octubre de 1957) fou un arqueòleg i filòleg australià, reconegut pels seus treballs sobre prehistòria, especialment pel que fa als processos de .
, Vere Gordon CHILDE (naskiĝis la 14-an de a … Vere Gordon CHILDE (naskiĝis la 14-an de aprilo 1892; mortis la 19-an de oktobro 1957) estis aŭstralia arkeologo, kiu specializiĝis en la studado de la prahistorio en Eŭropo. Li pasigis plej el sia vivo en la Unuiĝinta Reĝlando, esplorante por la Universitato de Edinburgo kaj poste por la Instituto de Arkeologio, en Londono, kaj verkis 26 librojn dum sia kariero. Dekomence frua defendanto de kultur-historia arkeologio, li poste iĝis la unua defendanto de la marksisma arkeologio en Okcidento. Li estris ekzemple la serĉlaborojn de Skara Brae, en Skotio. la serĉlaborojn de Skara Brae, en Skotio.
, Vere Gordon Childe atau biasa dikenal deng … Vere Gordon Childe atau biasa dikenal dengan V. Gordon Childe (lahir 14 April 1892 di Sydney, New South Wales, Australia - meninggal 19 Oktober 1957 di , New South Wales pada umur 65 tahun) adalah seorang sejarawan, ahli bahasa, dan arkeolog Australia yang mempelajari masa prasejarah Eropa pada milenium kedua dan ketiga sebelum masehi. Ia berusaha menunjukkan bagaimana kemajuan teknologi menandai lahirnya peradaban manusia.ologi menandai lahirnya peradaban manusia.
, ヴィア・ゴードン・チャイルド（Vere Gordon Childe、1892年4月14日 - 1957年10月19日)は、オーストラリア生まれの考古学者・文献学者。ヨーロッパ先史時代の研究を専門とし、新石器革命（食料生産革命）、を提案した。また、マルクス主義の社会・経済理論との視点を結合させ、異端視されたの提唱者でもある。
, Vere Gordon Childe (Sídney, 14 de abril de … Vere Gordon Childe (Sídney, 14 de abril de 1892-, 19 de octubre de 1957) fue un arqueólogo y filólogo australiano especializado en el estudio de la prehistoria europea. Dedicó la mayor parte de su vida a la investigación académica en el Reino Unido; en la Universidad de Edimburgo primero y en el Instituto de Arqueología de Londres después. En total escribió 36 libros y fue uno de los primeros teóricos de la y de la .o de los primeros teóricos de la y de la .
, Vere Gordon Childe (14 avril 1892 – 19 oct … Vere Gordon Childe (14 avril 1892 – 19 octobre 1957) était un archéologue australien. Il a dirigé la fouille du site néolithique de Skara Brae, en Écosse. Il est aussi connu pour avoir popularisé les expressions « Révolution néolithique » et « Révolution urbaine ». Il a surtout été l'un des grands archéologues capables de replacer leurs découvertes au sein d'une théorie du développement préhistorique à l'échelle européenne et mondiale. Ses idées marxistes ont nourri sa pensée sur la Préhistoire.s ont nourri sa pensée sur la Préhistoire.
, فير غوردون تشايلد (بالإنجليزية: Vere Gordo … فير غوردون تشايلد (بالإنجليزية: Vere Gordon Childe)، (14 أبريل 1892 – 19 أكتوبر 1957) عالم آثار من مواليد أستراليا، له اكتشافات مهمة في مجال المصنوعات الأوروبية، في ما قبل التاريخ. وقد استحدث وسائل مهمة لتفسير اكتشافاته ألقت الضوء على الحياة الاجتماعية المتغيرة للجماعات البدائية. تضم مطبوعات تشايلد الثلاثمائة: فجر الحضارة (1925م)، الذي يتحدث عن أصول الحضارة وترتيق صورة للماضي (1954م) الذي يتحدث عن وسيلة لتفسير آثار . (1954م) الذي يتحدث عن وسيلة لتفسير آثار .
, 비어 고든 차일드(Vere Gordon Childe, 1892년 4월 14일~1957년 10월 19일)는 오스트레일리아의 언어학자로 이후에 고고학을 전공하게 되는 인물이다. 스카라 브라에의 신석기 유적을 영국의 스콧틀랜드의 오크니 제도에서 발견과 선사 시대에 대한 마르크스주의적 사관으로 명성을 날렸다. 그는 또한 '신석기 혁명'과 ''이라는 용어를 만들어 냈다. 그는 유럽과 범세계적인 선사 시대 이론 개발의 선구자적인 역할인 위대한 고고학자였다.
, Vere Gordon Childe (14. dubna 1892 v North … Vere Gordon Childe (14. dubna 1892 v North Sydney, Austrálie – 19. října 1957 , Nový Jižní Wales) byl archeolog, historik a lingvista. Díky své vědecké všestrannosti na poli historie a archeologie je pokládán za jednoho z nejvýznamnějších archeologů 20. století; centrem jeho vědeckého zájmu byl vztah Blízkého východu a Evropy v době neolitu. Je tvůrcem termínu „neolitická revoluce“ (Neolithic Revolution) a „“ (Urban Revolution). Byl také tvůrcem difuzionistické teorie (viz neolit).ůrcem difuzionistické teorie (viz neolit).
, Vere Gordon Childe (ur. 14 kwietnia 1892, Sydney, zm. 19 października 1957, Blue Mountains) – australijski archeolog i antropolog kultury.
, Vere Gordon Childe (Sydney, 14 aprile 1892 … Vere Gordon Childe (Sydney, 14 aprile 1892 – , 19 ottobre 1957) è stato un archeologo australiano, che lavorò per la maggior parte della sua vita in Gran Bretagna. Conosciuto per lo scavo del sito neolitico meglio conservato d'Europa, quello di Skara Brae, nelle Isole Orcadi, egli è noto soprattutto per le sue grandi sintesi sulla preistoria europea. Fu il primo ad introdurre i concetti di "cultura archeologica", di "rivoluzione neolitica" e di "rivoluzione urbana". È ritenuto il padre della moderna paletnologia ed ha il merito di aver portato la preistoria da semplice studio antiquario a vera e propria scienza storica.tiquario a vera e propria scienza storica.
, 维尔·戈登·柴尔德（英語：Vere Gordon Childe，1892年4月14日 … 维尔·戈登·柴尔德（英語：Vere Gordon Childe，1892年4月14日－1957年10月19日），澳大利亚考古学家，主要研究欧洲史前史。虽然是澳大利亚人，但他一生主要在英国渡过，先后在爱丁堡大学和任职。柴尔德对考古学理论做出了巨大贡献，早年持的观点，被看作这一考古学派的开创者；后来他又改持的观点，成为这一学派在西方最早的代表人物；他甚至对他死后产生的过程主义考古学和后过程主义考古学也有着不可忽视的贡献。他的一生著作等身，著书二十六部。 柴尔德出生于悉尼的一个中产阶级英国移民家庭。他曾在悉尼大學学习古典學，之后前往英国牛津大学学习古典考古学。他在牛津开始参与社会主义运动，参加反对一战的活动，认为一战是帝国主义之间因损害欧洲工人阶级利益的竞争而引发的冲突。1917年，25岁的柴尔德回到澳大利亚，但因为他有社会主义倾向，而被禁止进行学术工作，于是他开始为工作，成为了的私人秘书。但他渐渐的对工党感到不满，于是开始写书分析他们的政策、加入了极左翼组织：世界产业工人。1921年他搬回英国，来到伦敦，在皇家人类学学会当图书管理员，期间他游历欧洲，继续研究欧洲大陆的史前史，在学术期刊、书籍上发表了他的研究发现。这段日子里，他把考古学文化的概念（通过反复出现的来界定不同的群体），从欧洲大陆介绍到了英国考古学界。考古学文化的概念（通过反复出现的来界定不同的群体），从欧洲大陆介绍到了英国考古学界。
, Vere Gordon Childe (* 14. April 1892 in No … Vere Gordon Childe (* 14. April 1892 in North Sydney, Australien; † 19. Oktober 1957 in den Blue Mountains, New South Wales) war ein australisch-britischer marxistischer Archäologe und Archäologietheoretiker, der für die Zeit von 1925 bis 1957 als einer der bedeutendsten Kenner der europäischen Vorgeschichte galt.enner der europäischen Vorgeschichte galt.
, Vere Gordon Childe, född 14 april 1892 i S … Vere Gordon Childe, född 14 april 1892 i Sydney, Australien, död 19 oktober 1957 i Greater Blue Mountains i New South Wales, Australien, var en australiensisk arkeolog, mest känd för sin utgrävning av den unika neolitiska boplatsen i Skara Brae på Orkneyöarna och för sitt marxistiska synsätt på förhistorien. sitt marxistiska synsätt på förhistorien.
, Vere Gordon Childe (Sydney, 14 de abril de … Vere Gordon Childe (Sydney, 14 de abril de 1892 — Montanhas Azuis, 19 de outubro de 1957) foi um filólogo australiano que se especializou em arqueologia, talvez mais conhecido por suas escavações no site Neolítico de Skara Brae, em Orkney, e por suas visões marxistas sobre a pré-história. Foi ele quem cunhou os termos Revolução Neolítica e Revolução Urbana.os Revolução Neolítica e Revolução Urbana.
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戈登·柴尔德
, Гордон Чайлд
, Vere Gordon Childe
, Чайлд, Гордон
, V. Gordon Childe
, Gordon Childe
, 비어 고든 차일드
, ゴードン・チャイルド
, جوردون تشايلد
, Βηρ Γκόρντον Τσάιλντ
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