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L’arrêt États-Unis contre Lopez du 26 avri … L’arrêt États-Unis contre Lopez du 26 avril 1995 a marqué un tournant dans la jurisprudence de la Cour suprême des États-Unis. En effet, jusqu'à cette date, la Cour s'était toujours prononcée en faveur de l'État fédéral au détriment des États fédérés (et ce depuis son premier grand arrêt, Marbury v. Madison), la Cour renverse sa jurisprudence bicentenaire et tranche en faveur des États fédérés. Le président de la Cour était fortement favorable aux États.En l'espèce, cette restriction des pouvoirs de l'État fédéral passe par une interprétation restrictive de la clause de commerce (clause de la Constitution fédérale qui fonde sa compétence). Il s'agissait de savoir si la clause permettait à l'État fédéral d'interdire les armes dans un certain périmètre autour des écoles. La Cour a estimé que cette législation relevait de la seule appréciation des États.levait de la seule appréciation des États.
, 미국 대 로페즈 사건(United States v. Lopez)는 통상조항 관련 미국 연방대법원의 유명판례이다.
, United States v. Alfonso D. Lopez, Jr., 51 … United States v. Alfonso D. Lopez, Jr., 514 U.S. 549 (1995), was a landmark case of the United States Supreme Court concerning the Commerce Clause. It was the first case since 1937 in which the Court held that Congress had exceeded its power to legislate under the Commerce Clause. The case arose from a San Antonio high school student's challenge to the Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990 (part of the Crime Control Act of 1990), which banned possession of handguns within 1000 feet (305 meters) of a school. In a majority decision joined by four other justices, Chief Justice William Rehnquist held that Lopez' possession of the gun was not economic activity and its scope was not sufficiently cabined, and so was outside the broad reach of the Commerce Clause. After the Lopez decision, the Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990 was amended to specifically only apply to guns that had been moved via interstate or foreign commerce. In his dissent, Associate Justice Stephen Breyer argued that Congress could regulate handgun possession under the Commerce Clause because gun violence could have a significant effect on interstate commerce by impairing educational environments. Though it did not reverse any past ruling about the meaning of the Commerce Clause, Lopez raised serious questions as to how far the Court might be willing to go in curbing Congress' powers under the Commerce Clause. The Court would later further limit congressional powers under the Commerce Clause in United States v. Morrison (2000).lause in United States v. Morrison (2000).
, In de zaak Verenigde Staten v. Lopez bepaa … In de zaak Verenigde Staten v. Lopez bepaalde een meerderheid van de negen rechters van het Amerikaanse Hooggerechtshof in Washington D.C. dat het aan het Congres niet was toegestaan onder de bepalingen van de van de grondwet - die de wetgevende macht het recht geeft commerciële ondernemingen zowel in het binnen- als buitenland te regelen - het aan scholieren van openbare scholen in Texas te verbieden om vuurwapens mee naar school te nemen. In 1990 was een wet aangenomen die scholen tot een wapenvrije zone verklaarde; het Congres baseerde zich op de Commerce Clause, en beweerde dat schietincidenten uiteindelijk slecht zouden zijn voor de economie. Uiteindelijk beslisten vijf rechters dat de wet ongrondwettelijk was, omdat ze te veel macht gaf aan één zijde van de Trias Politica.t gaf aan één zijde van de Trias Politica.
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Possession of a handgun near a school is not an economic activity and doesn't have a substantial effect on interstate commerce, and therefore cannot be regulated by Congress. The Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990 is unconstitutional.
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In de zaak Verenigde Staten v. Lopez bepaa … In de zaak Verenigde Staten v. Lopez bepaalde een meerderheid van de negen rechters van het Amerikaanse Hooggerechtshof in Washington D.C. dat het aan het Congres niet was toegestaan onder de bepalingen van de van de grondwet - die de wetgevende macht het recht geeft commerciële ondernemingen zowel in het binnen- als buitenland te regelen - het aan scholieren van openbare scholen in Texas te verbieden om vuurwapens mee naar school te nemen.en om vuurwapens mee naar school te nemen.
, 미국 대 로페즈 사건(United States v. Lopez)는 통상조항 관련 미국 연방대법원의 유명판례이다.
, L’arrêt États-Unis contre Lopez du 26 avri … L’arrêt États-Unis contre Lopez du 26 avril 1995 a marqué un tournant dans la jurisprudence de la Cour suprême des États-Unis. En effet, jusqu'à cette date, la Cour s'était toujours prononcée en faveur de l'État fédéral au détriment des États fédérés (et ce depuis son premier grand arrêt, Marbury v. Madison), la Cour renverse sa jurisprudence bicentenaire et tranche en faveur des États fédérés. Le président de la Cour était fortement favorable aux États.En l'espèce, cette restriction des pouvoirs de l'État fédéral passe par une interprétation restrictive de la clause de commerce (clause de la Constitution fédérale qui fonde sa compétence). Il s'agissait de savoir si la clause permettait à l'État fédéral d'interdire les armes dans un certain périmètre autour des écoles. La Cour a estimé quere autour des écoles. La Cour a estimé que
, United States v. Alfonso D. Lopez, Jr., 51 … United States v. Alfonso D. Lopez, Jr., 514 U.S. 549 (1995), was a landmark case of the United States Supreme Court concerning the Commerce Clause. It was the first case since 1937 in which the Court held that Congress had exceeded its power to legislate under the Commerce Clause. In his dissent, Associate Justice Stephen Breyer argued that Congress could regulate handgun possession under the Commerce Clause because gun violence could have a significant effect on interstate commerce by impairing educational environments.rce by impairing educational environments.
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Verenigde Staten v. Lopez
, United States v. Lopez
, 미국 대 로페즈 사건
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