| http://dbpedia.org/ontology/abstract
|
SAGE (ang. Semi-Automatic Ground Environme … SAGE (ang. Semi-Automatic Ground Environment) – system komputerowy, pierwsza w dziejach sieć komputerowa (służąca celom obrony powietrznej USA). Oddana do eksploatacji w lipcu 1958 roku w McGuire Air Force Base, tworzona od roku 1952 przez IBM współpracy z MIT. System SAGE wykorzystywał komputery pierwszej generacji (lampowe) IBM AN/FSQ-7 (ang. Army-Navy Fixed Special Equipment), znane także jako Q. Komputery te zawierały ponad 58 000 lamp i składały się z ponad 32 milionów części. Używały słów 32-bitowych, miały potężną (na owe czasy) pamięć operacyjną, wykorzystującą technikę rdzeni magnetycznych. System SAGE składał się z 26 maszyn tego typu; do roku 1979 siedem z nich nadal pracowało. Stanowisko dowodzenia systemu mieściło się w Luke Air Force Base w pobliżu Phoenix, w stanie Arizona. Komputery systemu SAGE jako pierwsze na wielką skalę używały transmisji danych poprzez sieć telefoniczną do i ze stacji radarowych (system wykorzystywał setki radarów w USA i Kanadzie; miał 25 regionalnych stanowisk dowodzenia). Mogły się też łączyć bezpośrednio z komputerami pokładowymi samolotów bojowych, informując je na bieżąco o śledzonych celach. W systemie wykorzystywano urządzenia drukujące Flexowriter, które potrafiły zarówno drukować na specjalnej taśmie papierowej słowa, jak i wycinać w niej dziurki. Na dużą skalę używano też w systemu pióra świetlnegoalę używano też w systemu pióra świetlnego
, Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) は … Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) は、1950年代終盤から1980年代までNORADで使われた、ソ連軍原爆搭載の爆撃機を発見し、追跡し、要撃するための自動化されたコンピュータシステムである。後のバージョンでは、航空機（F-106などの要撃機）のオートパイロット装置に直接コマンドを送信することによって、その航空機を自動的に要撃に向かわせることができるようになっている。 SAGEが完全作動するようになった頃、ソビエト連邦の脅威は爆撃機から弾道ミサイルに移っていたため、SAGEが管理する要撃管制は相対的に重要性が低下した。それにもかかわらずSAGEは技術的に非常に先進的で、オンラインシステム、、リアルタイム処理、モデムを使ったデータ通信などに大きな進歩をもたらした。一般にSAGEはコンピュータ史上で最も先進的で成功を収めた大型コンピュータシステムの一つであり、人間とコンピューターを直結したマン・マシン インターラクティブ システム(man-machine interactive system)の原型 である点でも重要な意味を持つ。 IBMがSAGEで果たした役割は、IBMのコンピュータ業界支配を引き起こす重要な要因となった（IBMは、の設計と製造を担当した。Whirlwind IIをベースとした真空管と磁気コアメモリによるコンピュータである）。irlwind IIをベースとした真空管と磁気コアメモリによるコンピュータである）。
, Semi Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) é … Semi Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) és un sistema automàtic de detecció, seguiment i intercepció d'aeronaus enemigues del NORAD utilitzat entre els anys 1950 i 80. En el moment en què el sistema va estar plenament operatiu, l'amenaça d'avions soviètics havia estat completament substituïda per la de míssils balístics intercontinentals. Tanmateix, la SAGE va ser un sistema molt innovador, era un sistema en línia basat en ordinadors, gestionat en temps real i comunicat per mòdems. En general, és considerat un dels més avançats i grans sistemes de computació mai desenvolupat. La tasca d'IBM per al projecte SAGE (el disseny i l'aplicació de l'ordinador , la vàlvula termoiònica dels nuclis de ferrita de la memòria a la base del computador II) va ser un important factor d'èxit de la societat i, per descomptat, va reforçar el lideratge d'IBM en el sector de la informàtica.atge d'IBM en el sector de la informàtica.
, SAGE (англ. Semi Automatic Ground Environment, «СЕЙДЖ») — американская система полуавтоматической координации действий перехватчиков путём программирования их автопилотов по радио находящимися на земле компьютерами. Создана в конце 1950-х годов.
, 半自动地面防空系统（英語：Semi-Automatic Ground Environment，简称SAGE）是由北美防空司令部自1950后期至1980年使用的一套自动化追踪、拦截敌军飞行器，尤其是轰炸机的指挥系统。在后期版本中，系统可以自动地通过指挥机载自动驾驶仪引导飞机执行拦截任务。
, SAGE es el acrónimo de Semi-Automatic Grou … SAGE es el acrónimo de Semi-Automatic Ground Environment, un operador ambiental que sería empleado por el NORAD durante la Guerra Fría. El propósito de este sistema era expandir la defensa aérea de EE.UU. utilizando la tecnología de radares desarrollada por el MIT durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. el MIT durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial.
, The Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAG … The Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) was a system of large computers and associated networking equipment that coordinated data from many radar sites and processed it to produce a single unified image of the airspace over a wide area. SAGE directed and controlled the NORAD response to a possible Soviet air attack, operating in this role from the late 1950s into the 1980s. Its enormous computers and huge displays remain a part of cold war lore, and after decommissioning were common props in movies such as Dr. Strangelove and Colossus, and on science fiction TV series such as The Time Tunnel. The processing power behind SAGE was supplied by the largest discrete component-based computer ever built, the IBM-manufactured AN/FSQ-7. Each SAGE Direction Center (DC) housed an FSQ-7 which occupied an entire floor, approximately 22,000 square feet (2,000 m2) not including supporting equipment. The FSQ-7 was actually two computers, "A" side and "B" side. Computer processing was switched from "A" side to "B" side on a regular basis, allowing maintenance on the unused side. Information was fed to the DCs from a network of radar stations as well as readiness information from various defense sites. The computers, based on the raw radar data, developed "tracks" for the reported targets, and automatically calculated which defenses were within range. Operators used light guns to select targets on-screen for further information, select one of the available defenses, and issue commands to attack. These commands would then be automatically sent to the defense site via teleprinter. Connecting the various sites was an enormous network of telephones, modems and teleprinters. Later additions to the system allowed SAGE's tracking data to be sent directly to CIM-10 Bomarc missiles and some of the US Air Force's interceptor aircraft in-flight, directly updating their autopilots to maintain an intercept course without operator intervention. Each DC also forwarded data to a Combat Center (CC) for "supervision of the several sectors within the division" ("each combat center [had] the capability to coordinate defense for the whole nation"). SAGE became operational in the late 1950s and early 1960s at a combined cost of billions of dollars. It was noted that the deployment cost more than the Manhattan Project—which it was, in a way, defending against. Throughout its development, there were continual concerns about its real ability to deal with large attacks, and the Operation Sky Shield tests showed that only about one-fourth of enemy bombers would have been intercepted. Nevertheless, SAGE was the backbone of NORAD's air defense system into the 1980s, by which time the tube-based FSQ-7s were increasingly costly to maintain and completely outdated. Today the same command and control task is carried out by microcomputers, based on the same basic underlying data., based on the same basic underlying data.
, Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) est le nom d'un système d'arme américain ultra-secret étudié à partir de 1952 et opérationnel de 1959 à 1983.
, SAGE, è l'acronimo di Semi Automatic Groun … SAGE, è l'acronimo di Semi Automatic Ground Environment è un sistema automatico di rilevamento, inseguimento e intercettazione di aerei nemici del NORAD utilizzato tra gli anni cinquanta e gli anni ottanta. Nel momento che il sistema fu completamente operativo la minaccia degli aerei sovietici era oramai totalmente sostituita dalla minaccia dei missili balistici intercontinentali sovietici. Tuttavia il SAGE fu un sistema molto innovativo, era un sistema on-line basato su computer, gestito in tempo reale che comunicava tramite modem. Generalmente il sistema viene considerato uno dei più avanzati e estesi sistemi informatici mai sviluppati. Il lavoro di IBM per il progetto SAGE (il progetto e la realizzazione dei computer AN/FSQ-7, le valvole termoioniche e i nuclei di ferrite delle memorie alla base del computer Whirlwind II) fu un importante fattore di successo della società e sicuramente rafforzò il ruolo di leader di IBM nel settore dell'informatica.eader di IBM nel settore dell'informatica.
, Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) w … Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) war das erste computergestützte des nordamerikanischen Weltraumverteidigungskommandos NORAD. Getestet wurde es erstmals 1952. SAGE sollte sowjetische Langstreckenbomber aufspüren, verfolgen und abfangen. Als es schließlich 1963 voll einsatzbereit war, war allerdings die Bedrohung durch Bomber bereits von der durch Interkontinentalraketen überlagert worden. Hierfür war SAGE jedoch gänzlich ungeeignet. Dennoch hatte das Projekt wesentlichen Einfluss auf die Entwicklung von Computersystemen im Bereich Echtzeitverarbeitung von Informationen und der Vernetzung über Modems. Die Leitung der Entwicklung von SAGE hatte mit Robert Everett einer der Erbauer des Whirlwind, der in dieser Funktion technischer Direktor der Mitre Corporation war. Den Auftrag zum Bau eines Röhrencomputers auf Grundlage des vom Massachusetts Institute of Technology entwickelten Whirlwind-Projektes erhielt zunächst die Radio Corporation of America. Später ging er jedoch an IBM, die 1958 mit dem Bau des Computers begann. Der (Whirlwind II)-Röhrenrechner bestand aus 55.000 Elektronenröhren und hatte einen Magnetkernspeicher. Bei einem Gewicht von 275 Tonnen belegte er eine Fläche von über 2000 m² und hatte eine Leistungsaufnahme von bis zu 3 MW. Damit war der Supercomputer von seinen räumlichen Dimensionen größer als jedes andere Computersystem. Bis in die Gegenwart wurde kein derart raumforderndes System mehr gebaut. Er sammelte Daten der angeschlossenen Beobachtungsstationen in Echtzeit und ermöglichte den Operatoren auf einfache Weise die Auswahl der zu bekämpfenden Ziele. Hierzu wurden dem System auch der Status von Abfangjägern aller Flughäfen des Gebietes sowie der Bomarc- oder Nike Hercules-Flugabwehrraketen übermittelt. Da die Bediener keine Computerspezialisten, sondern einfache Soldaten waren, wurde erstmals eine komplexe Mensch-Computer-Schnittstelle entwickelt. Dabei entstanden Bildschirmsysteme für Texte und graphische Darstellungen und der Lichtgriffel als Eingabegerät für grafische Daten. Sobald ein Ziel interessant schien und der Operator sich entschloss, es abzufangen, wurden automatisch Nachrichten über Fernschreiber an die örtlichen Verantwortlichen gesendet. Die SAGE-Flugabwehr war bis 1979 in Betrieb und wurde dann durch neuere Systeme, später auch luftgestützte Überwachungssysteme (AWACS), abgelöst. Der letzte Rechner wurde 1983 abgeschaltet und befindet sich nun im Computermuseum in Boston. Die USA kostete das SAGE-System rund acht Milliarden US-Dollar.AGE-System rund acht Milliarden US-Dollar.
|
| http://dbpedia.org/ontology/architect
|
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Burroughs_Corporation +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Western_Electric +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Air_Materiel_Command +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/System_Development_Corporation +
|
| http://dbpedia.org/ontology/thumbnail
|
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sage_typical_building.jpg?width=300 +
|
| http://dbpedia.org/ontology/type
|
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Command%2C_control%2C_and_coordination_system +
|
| http://dbpedia.org/ontology/wikiPageExternalLink
|
https://scottlocklin.wordpress.com/2013/03/28/the-largest-computer-ever-built/ +
, https://archive.org/details/OnGuard1956 +
, http://www.ieeeghn.org/wiki/index.php/File:Sage_nomination.jpg +
, http://cdn.theatlantic.com/static/mt/assets/science/assets_c/2013/01/sage_blockhouse-thumb-615x761-111523.jpg +
, http://cdn.theatlantic.com/static/mt/assets/science/assets_c/2013/01/sage_console-thumb-615x349-111527.jpg +
, http://cdn.theatlantic.com/static/mt/assets/science/assets_c/2013/01/sage_situation-thumb-615x672-111531.jpg +
, http://ed-thelen.org/sage-1.html +
|
| http://dbpedia.org/ontology/wikiPageID
|
28005
|
| http://dbpedia.org/ontology/wikiPageLength
|
102750
|
| http://dbpedia.org/ontology/wikiPageRevisionID
|
1113190634
|
| http://dbpedia.org/ontology/wikiPageWikiLink
|
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ground_Equipment_Facility_J-31 +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Eastern_Air_Defense_Force +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/DATAR +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/World_War_II +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Permanent_System_radar_stations +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Royal_Navy +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Boston_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Project_Lincoln +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/San_Francisco_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Hughes_AN/TSQ-51_Air_Defense_Command_and_Coordination_System +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cold_war +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ground_Air_Transmit_Receive +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Western_Air_Defense_Force +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Hancock_Field_Air_National_Guard_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Bedford%2C_Massachusetts +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Computer_networks +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/RCA +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Great_Falls_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Les_Earnest +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Truax_Field_Air_National_Guard_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Jerome_Wiesner +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Mountain_View%2C_California +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Continental_Air_Defense_Command +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/The_Time_Tunnel +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cheyenne_Mountain_Operations_Center +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Western_Electric +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:1950s_in_the_United_States +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:North_American_Aerospace_Defense_Command +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Camp_Adair +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Albuquerque +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Royal_Air_Force +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Operation_Sky_Shield +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cape_Canaveral +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/System_of_systems +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Grand_Forks_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/United_States_Department_of_Defense +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Early-warning_radar +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Airborne_early_warning_and_control +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Earle_E._Partridge +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Manhattan_Project +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Louis_Ridenour +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/IBM +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Computer-related_introductions_in_1958 +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Bangor_Air_National_Guard_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/F-104_Starfighter +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/File:SAGE_control_room.png +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Martin_AN/GSG-5_Battery_Integration_and_Radar_Display_Equipment +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/US_Army_Air_Force +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Southeast_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/New_York_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/CIM-10_Bomarc +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Dowding_system +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Fuel_consumption +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Burroughs_Corporation +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Shreveport +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Air_Defense_Artillery_Branch +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Chain_Home +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Spokane_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Andrews_AFB +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/K._I._Sawyer_Air_Force_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Radiation_Laboratory +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Hanscom_Air_Force_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/F-101B_Voodoo +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Tactical_Data_Links +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Pinetree_Line +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/AUTOVON +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Symmetric_multiprocessing +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cheyenne_Mountain_nuclear_bunker +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Teleprinter +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Minot_AFB +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Man-hour +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Geiger_Field +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Kirtland_Air_Force_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_aircraft_control_and_warning_squadrons +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Air_Route_Surveillance_Radar +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Air_Research_and_Development_Command +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Albuquerque_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Offutt_AFB +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Emergency_War_Order +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/IBM_704 +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Army_Air_Defense_Command_Post +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:1950s_in_technology +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/C._Robert_Wieser +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Air_Defense_Operations_Center +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Lists_of_Cold_War_sites +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Cold_War_military_equipment_of_the_United_States +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/General_Electric_AN/GPA-73_Air_Weapons_Control_System +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Wizard_Program +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ent_AFB +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Post-Attack_Command_and_Control_System_Facility%2C_Hadley +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/General_Electric_AN/GPA-37_Course_Directing_Group +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Portland_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Burroughs_AN/FST-2_Coordinate_Data_Transmitting_Set +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Dobbins_AFB +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ergonomic +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Full_operational_capability +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Aerospace_Defense_Center +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Texas_Tower +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Missile_Master +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Human%E2%80%93computer_interface +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Fallon_Naval_Air_Station +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Syracuse_AFS +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Los_Angeles_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Wright-Patterson_AFB +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Highlands_Air_Force_Station +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/1954_Interceptor +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Sacramento_Air_Materiel_Area +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Electronic_Systems_Division +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/BMEWS +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Sault_Ste_Marie_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/CINCNORAD +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/RDS-1 +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Montgomery_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/ARSR-1 +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Gunter_Air_Force_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Manual_Air_Defense_Control_Center +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Sioux_City_Air_Force_Station +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cambria_AFS +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/James_Killian +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/CFB_North_Bay +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Air_Force_Intelligence_Data_Handling_System +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Air_Movements_Identification_Service +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Air_defense +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/SAGE_Air_Traffic_Integration +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Aeronautical_Research_Center +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Air_Defense_Systems_Integration_Division +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Miami_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/NMCC +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/File:Flag_of_USA.svg +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Hearthstone_Mountain +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/DEFCON +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/James_Wong_%28computer_scientist%29 +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Computer_art +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/File:Texas_Tower_4.jpg +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Interceptor_aircraft +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Harold_H._Bull +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/File:Museum_of_Science%2C_Boston%2C_MA_-_IMG_3168.JPG +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/File:Stewart_AFB_SAGE_center_NY1.jpg +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Armed_Forces_Policy_Council +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Martin_AN/FSG-1_Antiaircraft_Defense_System +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Calypso_Air_Force_Station +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/McClellan_AFB +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Worldwide_Military_Command_and_Control_System +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Computer_network +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Naval_Tactical_Data_System +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Syracuse_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Air_Defense%2C_Tactical_Air_Command +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/McGuire_Air_Force_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/CONELRAD +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Battle_of_Britain +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/SAGE_radar_stations +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Mid-Canada_Line +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Air_traffic_control +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Beale_Air_Force_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/AT&T_Corporation +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/File:SAGE_console.jpeg +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Minot_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/National_Security_Act_of_1947 +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/The_Pentagon +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Office_of_Naval_Research +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/St._Louis +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/System_Development_Corporation +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/AN/FSQ-32 +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cf. +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Custer_Air_Force_Station +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Reno_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Command%2C_control%2C_and_coordination_system +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Surface-to-air_missile +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Kingston%2C_New_York +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Osceola_Air_Force_Station +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/MIT +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Lincoln_Laboratory +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Fort_Lee_Air_Force_Station +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Royal_Canadian_Navy +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Weapons_System +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Arctic_Tower +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Gunter_Annex +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Project_Nike +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Radar_horizon +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/AN/FSQ-7_Combat_Direction_Central +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Topsham_Air_Force_Station +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Grand_Forks_Air_Force_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Fighter_aircraft +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Whirlwind_I +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Transistor +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/File:Flag_of_Canada.svg +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Burroughs_AN/GSA-51_Radar_Course_Directing_Group +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/The_Computer_Museum%2C_Boston +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/San_Antonio +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Fort_Banks_%28Massachusetts%29 +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Chidlaw_Building +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Strategic_Air_Command +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Flight_simulator +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Fort_Knox +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cheyenne_Mountain_Complex +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Air_Defense_Direction_Center +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Scott_Air_Force_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ent_Air_Force_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Plexiglas +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Duluth_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Oklahoma_City_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Hanscom_Field +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Covance +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Minot_Air_Force_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Direct_Reporting_Unit +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Sault_Sainte_Marie_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/4620th_Air_Defense_Wing +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ground-controlled_interception +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/North_American_Aerospace_Defense_Command +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Otis_AFB +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/EC-121_Warning_Star +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Seattle_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Air_Materiel_Command +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/England_Air_Force_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Microcomputers +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Norton_Air_Force_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/F-89_Scorpion +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/International_Business_Machines +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Bell_Telephone_Laboratories +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Joint_Surveillance_System +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Washington_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/DEW_Line +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Francis_Wheeler_Loomis +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Western_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Duluth_Air_National_Guard_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/MIT_Lincoln_Laboratory +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Mounds%2C_Oklahoma +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Central_Air_Defense_Force +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Modem +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/F-94_Starfire +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/F-106_Delta_Dart +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Lashup_Radar_Network +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Photographic_Display_Unit +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Raleigh%2C_North_Carolina +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Stewart_Air_Force_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Strategic_Defense_Architecture +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Zone_of_Interior +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Project_Claude +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/US_Navy +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Servomechanisms_Laboratory +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/646th_Radar_Squadron +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Picket_ships +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Project_Broad_Jump +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/NNX +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Air_Defense_Command +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/NORAD/ADC_Combined_Operations_Center +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Olathe_Air_Force_Station +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Raven_Rock_Mountain_Complex +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Air_Defense_Engineering_Service +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Autopilot +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/George_Valley +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/File:SAGE_CC-1_Hancock_Field_New_York.jpg +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Space_Track +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Frequency_Diversity_Radar_Program +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Paul_N._Edwards +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Project_Wild_Goose +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Moffett_Federal_Airfield +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/File:Seattle-ADS-map.png +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Kansas_City_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Air_Force_Council +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Belleville_Air_Force_Station +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/General_Operational_Requirement +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Joint_Use_Site_System +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Stead_Air_Force_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Duncanville_Air_Force_Station +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Fort_Heath_radar_station +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Denver_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Voyage_to_the_Bottom_of_the_Sea +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Lexington%2C_Massachusetts +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Soviet_Union +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Bangor_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Comprehensive_Display_System +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Sioux_City_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Richards-Gebaur_Air_Force_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/McChord_Air_Force_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/United_States_Navy +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/MIM-3_Nike_Ajax +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Waterfall_model +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:1950s_computers +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/NORAD_Control_Center +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/AN/FSQ-8_Combat_Control_Central +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/North_Truro_Air_Force_Station +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Colossus:_The_Forbin_Project +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Larson_Air_Force_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/University_of_Minnesota_Duluth +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Robins_Air_Force_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/NORAD +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Computer_History_Museum +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/US_Air_Force +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/F-4_Phantom +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Civil_Aeronautics_Administration_%28United_States%29 +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/IBM_701 +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Light_gun_%28SAGE%29 +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Identification_friend_or_foe +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Malmstrom_Air_Force_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Operation_Skyshield +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Back-Up_Interceptor_Control +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Mainframe_computer +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cold_War +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Webb_Air_Force_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Radar +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Analog_computer +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/United_States_National_Security_Council +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Natural_Resources_Research_Institute +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Luke_Air_Force_Base +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/AN/FYQ-93 +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Phoenix_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Command_guidance +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Jay_Forrester +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Goose_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Space_Detection_and_Tracking_System +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Delta%2C_Utah +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Chicago_Air_Defense_Sector +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Special_issue +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Dr._Strangelove +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Detroit_Air_Defense_Sector +
|
| http://dbpedia.org/property/architect
|
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Burroughs_Corporation +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Western_Electric +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/System_Development_Corporation +
, USAF Air Materiel Command
|
| http://dbpedia.org/property/buildingType
|
military C3 human–computer interface
|
| http://dbpedia.org/property/date
|
April 2013
|
| http://dbpedia.org/property/image
|
http://cdn.theatlantic.com/static/mt/assets/science/assets_c/2013/01/sage_blockhouse-thumb-615x761-111523.jpg +
, http://cdn.theatlantic.com/static/mt/assets/science/assets_c/2013/01/sage_console-thumb-615x349-111527.jpg +
, http://cdn.theatlantic.com/static/mt/assets/science/assets_c/2013/01/sage_situation-thumb-615x672-111531.jpg +
, http://www.ieeeghn.org/wiki/index.php/File:Sage_nomination.jpg +
|
| http://dbpedia.org/property/imageCaption
|
The 4-story SAGE blockhouses with of floor space "were hardened [for] overpressures of" . A shorter adjoining building had generators below the 4 intake/exhaust structures on the roof.
|
| http://dbpedia.org/property/locationCountry
|
United States
|
| http://dbpedia.org/property/name
|
Semi-Automatic Ground Environment
|
| http://dbpedia.org/property/openedDate
|
--12-01
, 1959
, --04-01
, --06-26
|
| http://dbpedia.org/property/reason
|
A quotation is needed to confirm that Colon gives the weight for the 2 computers instead of the entire AN/FSQ-7, or all the equip in the DC
, Which DCs were at Marysville & Marquett?
, --04-20
|
| http://dbpedia.org/property/wikiPageUsesTemplate
|
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Infobox_building +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Short_description +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Convert +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Citation_needed +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Coord +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Circa +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:External_media +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Cite_quote +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Reflist +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:R +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Unreferenced_section +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Cite_journal +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:About +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Distinguish +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Rp +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:USAF_system_codes +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:YouTube +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:When +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:For +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Specify +
|
| http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject
|
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Computer_networks +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:North_American_Aerospace_Defense_Command +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Computer-related_introductions_in_1958 +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:1950s_in_the_United_States +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:1950s_computers +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:1950s_in_technology +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Lists_of_Cold_War_sites +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Cold_War_military_equipment_of_the_United_States +
|
| http://purl.org/linguistics/gold/hypernym
|
http://dbpedia.org/resource/System +
|
| http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-Automatic_Ground_Environment?oldid=1113190634&ns=0 +
|
| http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/depiction
|
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Flag_of_Canada.svg +
, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Museum_of_Science%2C_Boston%2C_MA_-_IMG_3168.jpg +
, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Flag_of_USA.svg +
, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sage_typical_building.jpg +
, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stewart_AFB_SAGE_center_NY1.jpg +
, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Seattle-ADS-map.png +
, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/SAGE_CC-1_Hancock_Field_New_York.jpg +
, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Texas_Tower_4.jpg +
, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/SAGE_console.jpeg +
, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/SAGE_control_room.png +
|
| http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/isPrimaryTopicOf
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-Automatic_Ground_Environment +
|
| http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name
|
Semi-Automatic Ground Environment
|
| owl:sameAs |
http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/Semi-Automatic_Ground_Environment +
, http://pl.dbpedia.org/resource/SAGE +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Semi-Automatic_Ground_Environment +
, http://zh.dbpedia.org/resource/%E8%B4%A4%E8%80%85%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F +
, https://global.dbpedia.org/id/r2hm +
, http://de.dbpedia.org/resource/Semi-Automatic_Ground_Environment +
, http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1935523 +
, http://ru.dbpedia.org/resource/SAGE_%28%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%29 +
, http://fr.dbpedia.org/resource/Semi-Automatic_Ground_Environment +
, http://fi.dbpedia.org/resource/Semi-Automatic_Ground_Environment +
, http://es.dbpedia.org/resource/Semi_Automatic_Ground_Environment +
, http://hr.dbpedia.org/resource/SAGE +
, http://ca.dbpedia.org/resource/Semi_Automatic_Ground_Environment +
, http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/m.06z7q +
, http://ja.dbpedia.org/resource/%E5%8D%8A%E8%87%AA%E5%8B%95%E5%BC%8F%E9%98%B2%E7%A9%BA%E7%AE%A1%E5%88%B6%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94 +
, http://it.dbpedia.org/resource/Semi_Automatic_Ground_Environment +
|
| rdf:type |
http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Building +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/Instrumentality103575240 +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/Computer103082979 +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/Device103183080 +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/ComputerNetwork103085333 +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/WikicatComputerNetworks +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/Network103820728 +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/Mainframe103711711 +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/System104377057 +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/Supercomputer104358117 +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/DigitalComputer103196324 +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/WikicatSupercomputers +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/Machine103699975 +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/WikicatComputers +
, http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41176 +
, http://dbpedia.org/ontology/ArchitecturalStructure +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/Object100002684 +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/Whole100003553 +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/PhysicalEntity100001930 +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/Artifact100021939 +
|
| rdfs:comment |
Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) est le nom d'un système d'arme américain ultra-secret étudié à partir de 1952 et opérationnel de 1959 à 1983.
, 半自动地面防空系统（英語：Semi-Automatic Ground Environment，简称SAGE）是由北美防空司令部自1950后期至1980年使用的一套自动化追踪、拦截敌军飞行器，尤其是轰炸机的指挥系统。在后期版本中，系统可以自动地通过指挥机载自动驾驶仪引导飞机执行拦截任务。
, Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) は … Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) は、1950年代終盤から1980年代までNORADで使われた、ソ連軍原爆搭載の爆撃機を発見し、追跡し、要撃するための自動化されたコンピュータシステムである。後のバージョンでは、航空機（F-106などの要撃機）のオートパイロット装置に直接コマンドを送信することによって、その航空機を自動的に要撃に向かわせることができるようになっている。 SAGEが完全作動するようになった頃、ソビエト連邦の脅威は爆撃機から弾道ミサイルに移っていたため、SAGEが管理する要撃管制は相対的に重要性が低下した。それにもかかわらずSAGEは技術的に非常に先進的で、オンラインシステム、、リアルタイム処理、モデムを使ったデータ通信などに大きな進歩をもたらした。一般にSAGEはコンピュータ史上で最も先進的で成功を収めた大型コンピュータシステムの一つであり、人間とコンピューターを直結したマン・マシン インターラクティブ システム(man-machine interactive system)の原型 である点でも重要な意味を持つ。ine interactive system)の原型 である点でも重要な意味を持つ。
, Semi Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) é … Semi Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) és un sistema automàtic de detecció, seguiment i intercepció d'aeronaus enemigues del NORAD utilitzat entre els anys 1950 i 80. En el moment en què el sistema va estar plenament operatiu, l'amenaça d'avions soviètics havia estat completament substituïda per la de míssils balístics intercontinentals. Tanmateix, la SAGE va ser un sistema molt innovador, era un sistema en línia basat en ordinadors, gestionat en temps real i comunicat per mòdems. En general, és considerat un dels més avançats i grans sistemes de computació mai desenvolupat. La tasca d'IBM per al projecte SAGE (el disseny i l'aplicació de l'ordinador , la vàlvula termoiònica dels nuclis de ferrita de la memòria a la base del computador II) va ser un important factor d'èxit de la societar un important factor d'èxit de la societa
, SAGE, è l'acronimo di Semi Automatic Groun … SAGE, è l'acronimo di Semi Automatic Ground Environment è un sistema automatico di rilevamento, inseguimento e intercettazione di aerei nemici del NORAD utilizzato tra gli anni cinquanta e gli anni ottanta. Nel momento che il sistema fu completamente operativo la minaccia degli aerei sovietici era oramai totalmente sostituita dalla minaccia dei missili balistici intercontinentali sovietici.ili balistici intercontinentali sovietici.
, SAGE (англ. Semi Automatic Ground Environment, «СЕЙДЖ») — американская система полуавтоматической координации действий перехватчиков путём программирования их автопилотов по радио находящимися на земле компьютерами. Создана в конце 1950-х годов.
, Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) w … Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) war das erste computergestützte des nordamerikanischen Weltraumverteidigungskommandos NORAD. Getestet wurde es erstmals 1952. SAGE sollte sowjetische Langstreckenbomber aufspüren, verfolgen und abfangen. Als es schließlich 1963 voll einsatzbereit war, war allerdings die Bedrohung durch Bomber bereits von der durch Interkontinentalraketen überlagert worden. Hierfür war SAGE jedoch gänzlich ungeeignet. Dennoch hatte das Projekt wesentlichen Einfluss auf die Entwicklung von Computersystemen im Bereich Echtzeitverarbeitung von Informationen und der Vernetzung über Modems.ormationen und der Vernetzung über Modems.
, SAGE es el acrónimo de Semi-Automatic Grou … SAGE es el acrónimo de Semi-Automatic Ground Environment, un operador ambiental que sería empleado por el NORAD durante la Guerra Fría. El propósito de este sistema era expandir la defensa aérea de EE.UU. utilizando la tecnología de radares desarrollada por el MIT durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. el MIT durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial.
, The Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAG … The Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) was a system of large computers and associated networking equipment that coordinated data from many radar sites and processed it to produce a single unified image of the airspace over a wide area. SAGE directed and controlled the NORAD response to a possible Soviet air attack, operating in this role from the late 1950s into the 1980s. Its enormous computers and huge displays remain a part of cold war lore, and after decommissioning were common props in movies such as Dr. Strangelove and Colossus, and on science fiction TV series such as The Time Tunnel.fiction TV series such as The Time Tunnel.
, SAGE (ang. Semi-Automatic Ground Environme … SAGE (ang. Semi-Automatic Ground Environment) – system komputerowy, pierwsza w dziejach sieć komputerowa (służąca celom obrony powietrznej USA). Oddana do eksploatacji w lipcu 1958 roku w McGuire Air Force Base, tworzona od roku 1952 przez IBM współpracy z MIT. System SAGE wykorzystywał komputery pierwszej generacji (lampowe) IBM AN/FSQ-7 (ang. Army-Navy Fixed Special Equipment), znane także jako Q. Komputery te zawierały ponad 58 000 lamp i składały się z ponad 32 milionów części. Używały słów 32-bitowych, miały potężną (na owe czasy) pamięć operacyjną, wykorzystującą technikę rdzeni magnetycznych.orzystującą technikę rdzeni magnetycznych.
|
| rdfs:label |
Semi-Automatic Ground Environment
, Semi Automatic Ground Environment
, 贤者系统
, SAGE (система наведения)
, 半自動式防空管制組織
, SAGE
|
