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http://dbpedia.org/ontology/abstract Reticulate evolution, or network evolutionReticulate evolution, or network evolution is the origination of a lineage through the partial merging of two ancestor lineages, leading to relationships better described by a phylogenetic network than a bifurcating tree. Reticulate patterns can be found in the phylogenetic reconstructions of biodiversity lineages obtained by comparing the characteristics of organisms. Reticulation processes can potentially be convergent and divergent at the same time. Reticulate evolution indicates the lack of independence between two evolutionary lineages. Reticulation affects survival, fitness and speciation rates of species. Reticulate evolution can happen between lineages separated only for a short time, for example through hybrid speciation in a species complex. Nevertheless, it also takes place over larger evolutionary distances, as exemplified by the presence of organelles of bacterial origin in eukaryotic cells. Reticulation occurs at various levels: at a chromosomal level, meiotic recombination causes evolution to be reticulate; at a species level, reticulation arises through hybrid speciation and horizontal gene transfer; and at a population level, sexual recombination causes reticulation. The adjective reticulate stems from the Latin words reticulatus, "having a net-like pattern" from reticulum, "little net."ike pattern" from reticulum, "little net." , Netwerkevolutie (Engels: reticulate evolutNetwerkevolutie (Engels: reticulate evolution) is een vorm van evolutie waarbij nieuwe levensvormen ontstaan door vervlechting van bestaande organismen in plaats van door opsplitsing. In navolging van Darwins enige illustratie in The Origin of Species wordt het verloop van de evolutie doorgaans weergegeven als een boom met vertakkingen die nooit meer tezamenkomen. Deze voorstelling geeft slechts een deel weer van het evolutionaire proces. Daarnaast ontstaan er nieuwe levensvormen doordat reeds gescheiden soorten en zelfs geheel onverwante organismen zich samenvoegen. Veelvoorkomende voorbeelden hiervan zijn soortvorming door polyploïdering van bastaarden, door laterale genenoverdracht tussen micro-organismen, en door endosymbiose. Bij een aanzienlijk deel van nieuw gevormde plantensoorten speelt bastaardering (hybridisatie) en polyploïdering een rol. Bij dieren en andere clades speelt dit minder. Het resultaat is een fylogenetisch netwerk in plaats van de klassieke stamboom.twerk in plaats van de klassieke stamboom.
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rdfs:comment Reticulate evolution, or network evolutionReticulate evolution, or network evolution is the origination of a lineage through the partial merging of two ancestor lineages, leading to relationships better described by a phylogenetic network than a bifurcating tree. Reticulate patterns can be found in the phylogenetic reconstructions of biodiversity lineages obtained by comparing the characteristics of organisms. Reticulation processes can potentially be convergent and divergent at the same time. Reticulate evolution indicates the lack of independence between two evolutionary lineages. Reticulation affects survival, fitness and speciation rates of species., fitness and speciation rates of species. , Netwerkevolutie (Engels: reticulate evolutNetwerkevolutie (Engels: reticulate evolution) is een vorm van evolutie waarbij nieuwe levensvormen ontstaan door vervlechting van bestaande organismen in plaats van door opsplitsing. In navolging van Darwins enige illustratie in The Origin of Species wordt het verloop van de evolutie doorgaans weergegeven als een boom met vertakkingen die nooit meer tezamenkomen. Deze voorstelling geeft slechts een deel weer van het evolutionaire proces.en deel weer van het evolutionaire proces.
rdfs:label Netwerkevolutie , Reticulate evolution
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