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Friedrich Nietzsche desenvolveu sua filoso … Friedrich Nietzsche desenvolveu sua filosofia durante o final do século XIX. Ele deveu o despertar de seu interesse filosófico à leitura de Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung de Arthur Schopenhauer (O mundo como vontade e representação, 1819, revisado em 1844) e disse que Schopenhauer foi um dos poucos pensadores que ele respeitou, dedicando-se a ele seu ensaio Schopenhauer als Erzieher (Schopenhauer como Educador), publicado em 1874 como uma de suas . Desde o início do século XX, a filosofia de Nietzsche teve grande influência intelectual e política em todo o mundo. Nietzsche aplicou-se a tópicos como moralidade, religião, epistemologia, psicologia, ontologia e crítica social. Por causa do estilo evocativo de Nietzsche e de suas alegações frequentemente ultrajantes, sua filosofia gera reações apaixonadas que vão do amor ao desgosto. Nietzsche observou em seu Ecce Homo autobiográfico que sua filosofia se desenvolveu e evoluiu ao longo do tempo, então os intérpretes acharam difícil relacionar os conceitos centrais de uma obra aos centrais de outra, por exemplo, o pensamento da recorrência eterna aparece fortemente em Also sprach Zarathustra (Assim falou Zaratustra), mas está quase totalmente ausente de seu próximo livro, Além do Bem e do Mal. Soma-se a esse desafio o fato de Nietzsche não parecer preocupado em desenvolver seu pensamento em um sistema, chegando mesmo a desacreditar a tentativa de Além do Bem e do Mal. Temas comuns em seu pensamento podem, no entanto, ser identificados e discutidos. Seus primeiros trabalhos enfatizaram a oposição dos impulsos apolíneos e dionisíacos na arte, e a figura de Dioniso continuou a desempenhar um papel em seu pensamento subsequente. Outras correntes importantes incluem a vontade de poder, a afirmação de que Deus está morto, a distinção entre moralidades senhor e escravo e perspectivismo radical. Outros conceitos aparecem raramente, ou estão confinados a uma ou duas obras principais, mas são considerados peças centrais da filosofia nietzschiana, como o Übermensch e o pensamento da recorrência eterna. Seus trabalhos posteriores envolveram um ataque contínuo ao Cristianismo e à moralidade cristã, e ele parecia estar trabalhando em direção ao que chamou de transvaloração dos valores (Umwertung aller Werte). Enquanto Nietzsche é frequentemente associado na mente do público com fatalismo e niilismo, o próprio Nietzsche viu seu projeto como uma tentativa de superar o pessimismo de Arthur Schopenhauer.perar o pessimismo de Arthur Schopenhauer.
, Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900) developed … Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900) developed his philosophy during the late 19th century. He owed the awakening of his philosophical interest to reading Arthur Schopenhauer's Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung (The World as Will and Representation, 1819, revised 1844) and said that Schopenhauer was one of the few thinkers that he respected, dedicating to him his essay Schopenhauer als Erzieher (Schopenhauer as Educator), published in 1874 as one of his Untimely Meditations. Since the dawn of the 20th century, the philosophy of Nietzsche has had great intellectual and political influence around the world. Nietzsche applied himself to such topics as morality, religion, epistemology, poetry, ontology, and social criticism. Because of Nietzsche's evocative style and his often outrageous claims, his philosophy generates passionate reactions running from love to disgust. Nietzsche noted in his autobiographical Ecce Homo that his philosophy developed and evolved over time, so interpreters have found it difficult to relate concepts central to one work to those central to another, for example, the thought of the eternal recurrence features heavily in Also sprach Zarathustra (Thus Spoke Zarathustra), but is almost entirely absent from his next book, Beyond Good and Evil. Added to this challenge is the fact that Nietzsche did not seem concerned to develop his thought into a system, even going so far as to disparage the attempt in Beyond Good and Evil. Common themes in his thought can, however, be identified and discussed. His earliest work emphasized the opposition of Apollonian and Dionysian impulses in art, and the figure of Dionysus continued to play a role in his subsequent thought. Other major currents include the will to power, the claim that God is dead, the distinction between master and slave moralities, and radical perspectivism. Other concepts appear rarely, or are confined to one or two major works, yet are considered centerpieces of Nietzschean philosophy, such as the Übermensch and the thought of eternal recurrence. His later works involved a sustained attack on Christianity and Christian morality, and he seemed to be working toward what he called the transvaluation of all values (Umwertung aller Werte). While Nietzsche is often associated in the public mind with fatalism and nihilism, Nietzsche himself viewed his project as the attempt to overcome the pessimism of Arthur Schopenhauer.come the pessimism of Arthur Schopenhauer.
, 弗里德里希·尼采的哲學思想在19世紀末發展成熟，開創出了一套對黑格爾的哲學體系的批判 … 弗里德里希·尼采的哲學思想在19世紀末發展成熟，開創出了一套對黑格爾的哲學體系的批判，並且對20世紀的哲學發展有重要影響。尼采的理論可以套用至包含道德、宗教、知識論、心理學、本體論、以及社會評論等眾多題材上。 尼采本身並沒有對他的哲學進行有系統的論述，因此尼采哲學的本質究竟為何一直是哲學界的爭論議題。由於尼采的文筆有著具煽動性而毫無節制的風格，他的哲學理論引起大量的讚美敬佩、也引起大量的厭惡和批評，幾乎所有尼采的理論都具有詮釋上的爭議。尼采在其自傳《瞧！這個人》一書中表示他的哲學思想是隨著時間而逐漸發展改變的，也因此試圖解釋尼采著作的人很難將某個特定的概念歸咎於其中一本著作（例如永恆輪迴概念在《查拉圖斯特拉如是說》裡被大量使用，但在他接下來一本書《善惡的彼岸》裡幾乎完全消失）。除此之外，尼采似乎從不曾也不想將他的哲學發展為一套完整的思想體系，他在《善惡的彼岸》中表示他對這種嘗試相當不以為然。 不過，尼采著作中的卻有一些可以被發現並討論的共通題材。他的早期著作指出了阿波羅派與狄俄倪索斯派在藝術上的分歧，從此狄俄倪索斯派在他接下來的著作中都扮演了一定的角色。其他主要的題材包括了權力意志、上帝已死的主張、區分了主人與奴隸道德、並且強調激進的道德相對主義。其他一些概念則不常出現、或是只在其中一兩本著作裡出現過，但仍然被視為是尼采哲學的中心思想，例如超人和永恆輪迴理論。他的晚期作品包含了對於基督教以及基督教道德觀的猛烈批評，同時他在發瘋前夕似乎正在進行一項「重新評價所有價值觀」（Umwertung aller Werten）的計畫。雖然尼采的思想經常被大眾與宿命論和虛無主義相連結，尼采本人是將克服悲觀主義和叔本華思想作為他的哲學的目標。眾與宿命論和虛無主義相連結，尼采本人是將克服悲觀主義和叔本華思想作為他的哲學的目標。
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弗里德里希·尼采的哲學思想在19世紀末發展成熟，開創出了一套對黑格爾的哲學體系的批判 … 弗里德里希·尼采的哲學思想在19世紀末發展成熟，開創出了一套對黑格爾的哲學體系的批判，並且對20世紀的哲學發展有重要影響。尼采的理論可以套用至包含道德、宗教、知識論、心理學、本體論、以及社會評論等眾多題材上。 尼采本身並沒有對他的哲學進行有系統的論述，因此尼采哲學的本質究竟為何一直是哲學界的爭論議題。由於尼采的文筆有著具煽動性而毫無節制的風格，他的哲學理論引起大量的讚美敬佩、也引起大量的厭惡和批評，幾乎所有尼采的理論都具有詮釋上的爭議。尼采在其自傳《瞧！這個人》一書中表示他的哲學思想是隨著時間而逐漸發展改變的，也因此試圖解釋尼采著作的人很難將某個特定的概念歸咎於其中一本著作（例如永恆輪迴概念在《查拉圖斯特拉如是說》裡被大量使用，但在他接下來一本書《善惡的彼岸》裡幾乎完全消失）。除此之外，尼采似乎從不曾也不想將他的哲學發展為一套完整的思想體系，他在《善惡的彼岸》中表示他對這種嘗試相當不以為然。他的哲學發展為一套完整的思想體系，他在《善惡的彼岸》中表示他對這種嘗試相當不以為然。
, Friedrich Nietzsche desenvolveu sua filoso … Friedrich Nietzsche desenvolveu sua filosofia durante o final do século XIX. Ele deveu o despertar de seu interesse filosófico à leitura de Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung de Arthur Schopenhauer (O mundo como vontade e representação, 1819, revisado em 1844) e disse que Schopenhauer foi um dos poucos pensadores que ele respeitou, dedicando-se a ele seu ensaio Schopenhauer als Erzieher (Schopenhauer como Educador), publicado em 1874 como uma de suas .dor), publicado em 1874 como uma de suas .
, Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900) developed … Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900) developed his philosophy during the late 19th century. He owed the awakening of his philosophical interest to reading Arthur Schopenhauer's Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung (The World as Will and Representation, 1819, revised 1844) and said that Schopenhauer was one of the few thinkers that he respected, dedicating to him his essay Schopenhauer als Erzieher (Schopenhauer as Educator), published in 1874 as one of his Untimely Meditations.n 1874 as one of his Untimely Meditations.
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| rdfs:label |
弗里德里希·尼采的哲學思想
, Philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche
, Filosofia de Friedrich Nietzsche
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