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Nitrosomonas europaea is a Gram-negative o … Nitrosomonas europaea is a Gram-negative obligate chemolithoautotroph that can derive all its energy and reductant for growth from the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite and lives in several places such as soil, sewage, freshwater, the walls of buildings and on the surface of monuments especially in polluted areas where the air contains high levels of nitrogen compounds. Due to the large amounts of ammonia this bacterium needs to consume for energy to divide, cell division can take up to several days. This is perhaps one reason why this microbe is not studied very much. This microbe has been shown to be an ammonia-oxidizing soil bacterium and it is known to have a range of substrates that might be useful in bioremediation. Several studies are still being done with the bacterium, but will take some time due to the slow cell division rate and the high amounts of nitrogen needed to live. While not using photosynthesis for energy is not unique, "burning" ammonia with oxygen is. Both are characteristics of Nitrosomonas europaea. This microbe tolerates a pH of 6.0-9.0, the optimal conditions being slightly basic; has an aerobic metabolism; and prefers a temperature between 20-30 degrees Celsius. Most are mobile with flagella located in the polar regions although some species are nonmobile. The reaction catalysed by these bacteria is the first step in the oxidation of ammonia to nitrate. Nitrosomonas europaea are also important in the treatment of industrial and sewage waste in the first step of oxidizing ammonia to nitrate. Evidence suggests that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) contribute significantly to the global production of nitrous oxide (produced by the reduction of nitrite). Other evidence reveals that AOB are a possible source of nitric oxide via the oxidation of ammonia. Nitrosomonas europaea is also capable of degrading benzene as well as a variety of halogenated organic compounds, including trichloroethylene and vinyl chloride. The ability of nitrifying organisms to degrade some pollutants may make these organisms attractive for controlled bioremediation in nitrifying soils and waters. Nitrosomonas europaea is also accountable for nitric acid production which can cause the dissolution of some stone and other construction materials found on statues and in buildings.terials found on statues and in buildings.
, Nitrosomonas europaea est une bactérie à G … Nitrosomonas europaea est une bactérie à Gram négatif capable de produire toute son énergie métabolique (ATP, GTP…) et son pouvoir réducteur (NADH+H+, FADH2…) à partir de l'oxydation de l'ammoniac NH3 en nitrites NO2–. On la trouve dans le sol, les eaux usées, l'eau douce, les murs des bâtiments et à la surface des monuments, notamment dans les zones polluées où l'air contient des taux élevés de composés azotés. Cette bactérie est capable de dégrader des composés organiques aromatiques ou halogénés (comme le trichloréthylène ClCH=CCl2, le chlorobenzène C6H5Cl et le chlorure de vinyle ClCH=CH2 ), ce qui pourrait être utile à des fins de bioremédiation des environnements pollués. Plus précisément, elle catalyse la première étape de la conversion de l'ammoniac en nitrates, de sorte qu'elle intervient dans le traitement des eaux usées et des déchets industriels. Elle serait responsable d'une part importante de la production mondiale de protoxyde d'azote (oxyde nitreux N2O) et produit également de l'acide nitrique HNO3, ce qui peut favoriser la solvatation des pierres et matériaux de construction de certains monuments et bâtiments. Nitrosomonas europaea requiert de grandes quantités d'ammoniac afin de produire l'énergie nécessaire pour se diviser, de sorte que la mitose peut durer plusieurs jours. Ceci explique sans doute que ce microorganisme soit assez peu étudié, outre le fait qu'il lui faut beaucoup d'azote pour le cultiver. Elle a une taille d'environ 1,1 μm à 1,8 μm et se développe de préférence autour de 20 à 30 °C à un pH de 6,0 à 9,0. La plupart des cellules possède des flagelles polaires mais certaines ne sont pas mobiles.laires mais certaines ne sont pas mobiles.
, Conosciuto anche come Pseudomonas europaea … Conosciuto anche come Pseudomonas europaea, la Nitrosomonas europaea è un batterio Gram-negativo chimiolitoautotrofo obbligato, capace di ottenere energia dall'ossidazione dell'ammoniaca a nitrito. Vive in terreni pantanosi, acque reflue, superfici di monumenti e fonti d'acqua contaminate da nitrati. Questo microrganismo tollera valori di pH compresi tra 6 e 9, caratterizzandolo come leggermente alcalofilo, e preferisce temperature tra i 20 °C e i 30 °C. È una specie monoflagellata nella regione polare ma, a differenza di altre specie, questo flagello non gli permette di muoversi. A causa della grande quantità d'energia necessaria per il mantenimento e del poco rendimento del suo metabolismo chimiolitoautotrofo, la Nitrosomonas europaea ha un ciclo di divisione riproduttiva fino a sette giorni di durata, caratteristica che impedisce il suo agevole studio in laboratorio. Questa specie ha la capacità di eliminare i derivati dell'ammoniaca nel terreno, trasformandoli in nitriti. Questa caratteristica ha reso la Nitrosomonas europaea una specie d'alto interesse per fini di biorisanamento ambientale e molti studi sono tuttora in corso per quantificare la sua utilità. Un'altra caratteristica osservata è la produzione di acido nitrico, prodotto che può causare la corrosione di alcuni tipi di pietre e altri tipi di materiale da costruzione. Altri composti organici di certo interesse prodotti da Nitrosomonas europaea sono il benzene, il tricloroetilene e il cloruro di vinile.il tricloroetilene e il cloruro di vinile.
, Nitrosomonas europaea ist eine Bakterienar … Nitrosomonas europaea ist eine Bakterienart der Gattung Nitrosomonas. Sie wird im Deutschen auch als Ammoniumbakterium bezeichnet. Die Art ist 1,1 bis 1,8 Mikrometer groß und ellipsoidisch. Sie besitzt eine polare Geißel, die lichtmikroskopisch nicht erkennbar ist. Selten bildet Nitrosomonas europaea kurze Ketten. Nitrosomonas europaea oxidiert Ammonium sowie Ammoniumsalze zu Nitriten. Die Art kommt im Boden sowie im Wasser, speziell in Abwasser, weit verbreitet vor.speziell in Abwasser, weit verbreitet vor.
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* Pseudomonas europaea (Winogradsky 1892)Migula1895)
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* Pseudomonas europaea ( Migula 1895)
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Nitrosomonas europaea est une bactérie à G … Nitrosomonas europaea est une bactérie à Gram négatif capable de produire toute son énergie métabolique (ATP, GTP…) et son pouvoir réducteur (NADH+H+, FADH2…) à partir de l'oxydation de l'ammoniac NH3 en nitrites NO2–. On la trouve dans le sol, les eaux usées, l'eau douce, les murs des bâtiments et à la surface des monuments, notamment dans les zones polluées où l'air contient des taux élevés de composés azotés.ntient des taux élevés de composés azotés.
, Conosciuto anche come Pseudomonas europaea … Conosciuto anche come Pseudomonas europaea, la Nitrosomonas europaea è un batterio Gram-negativo chimiolitoautotrofo obbligato, capace di ottenere energia dall'ossidazione dell'ammoniaca a nitrito. Vive in terreni pantanosi, acque reflue, superfici di monumenti e fonti d'acqua contaminate da nitrati. Questo microrganismo tollera valori di pH compresi tra 6 e 9, caratterizzandolo come leggermente alcalofilo, e preferisce temperature tra i 20 °C e i 30 °C. È una specie monoflagellata nella regione polare ma, a differenza di altre specie, questo flagello non gli permette di muoversi.sto flagello non gli permette di muoversi.
, Nitrosomonas europaea ist eine Bakterienar … Nitrosomonas europaea ist eine Bakterienart der Gattung Nitrosomonas. Sie wird im Deutschen auch als Ammoniumbakterium bezeichnet. Die Art ist 1,1 bis 1,8 Mikrometer groß und ellipsoidisch. Sie besitzt eine polare Geißel, die lichtmikroskopisch nicht erkennbar ist. Selten bildet Nitrosomonas europaea kurze Ketten. Nitrosomonas europaea oxidiert Ammonium sowie Ammoniumsalze zu Nitriten. Die Art kommt im Boden sowie im Wasser, speziell in Abwasser, weit verbreitet vor.speziell in Abwasser, weit verbreitet vor.
, Nitrosomonas europaea is a Gram-negative o … Nitrosomonas europaea is a Gram-negative obligate chemolithoautotroph that can derive all its energy and reductant for growth from the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite and lives in several places such as soil, sewage, freshwater, the walls of buildings and on the surface of monuments especially in polluted areas where the air contains high levels of nitrogen compounds. Nitrosomonas europaea is also accountable for nitric acid production which can cause the dissolution of some stone and other construction materials found on statues and in buildings.terials found on statues and in buildings.
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Nitrosomonas europaea
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