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Nickel pig iron (disingkat NPI) merupakan … Nickel pig iron (disingkat NPI) merupakan berkadar yang berkadar rendah. Latar belakang diproduksinya NPI adalah sebagai alternatif pengganti feronikel sebagai bahan baku dalam pembuatan baja tahan karat (stainless steel). Produksi NPI diprakarsai oleh Tiongkok sejak 2005. NPI berbentuk batangan yang tidak merata (uneven ingot shape). Teknologi pengolahan NPI menggunakan tanur tiup seperti pembuatan pig iron biasanya. Bijih nikel berkadar rendah, seperti bijih limonit, dicampur dengan kokas batubara (coking coal), serta penambahan agregat. campuran pasir, dan kerikil. Campuran tersebut dikalsinasi, dan disinter dalam bentuk pelet terlebih dahulu sebelum dimasukkan ke dalam tanur tiup. Penambahan kokas berguna sebagai reduktor dan sumber energi selama pengolahan di tanur tiup. kebutuhan kokas ini sangat dipengaruhi oleh bijih nikel serta kandungan nikel dan besi didalamnya. Pemurnian dilakukan untuk menghilangkan pengotor sehingga dihasilkan NPI dengan kandungan nikel murni sebesar 4-13%, bergantung pada kandungan nikel dalam bijih. kemudian proses digunakan mengikuti alur proses pembuatan baja dengan menggunakan basic oxygen furnace (BOF) dalam menghasilkan baja tahan karat. Secara umum, pabrik pengolahan nikel dengan teknologi pirometalurgi perlu memperhatikan produk sampingan berupa terak (slag), debu, dan gas buang. Terak dihasilkan pada ketiga jenis pengolahan jalur pirometalurgi, baik proses pengolahan nikel menjadi feronikel, nikel dalam matte, maupun NPI. Khusus pada proses NPI terak berwarna cokelat muda dihasilkan dari proses pengolahan menggunakan blast furnace. Terak dari pengolahan NPI bernilai jual sebagai bahan baku semen sehingga menjadi nilai tambah bagi pengolahan ini. menjadi nilai tambah bagi pengolahan ini.
, La fonte brute de nickel, fréquemment appe … La fonte brute de nickel, fréquemment appelée par son équivalent anglais nickel pig iron et couramment abrégée en NPI, est un ferronickel à faible teneur en nickel, typiquement moins de 15 % de nickel. La fonte brute de nickel est un ferroalliage inventé au début du XXe siècle, mais progressivement tombé en désuétude au profit du ferronickel. Cependant, en 2005, la Chine le remet au goût du jour, en réutilisant de petits hauts fourneaux sidérurgiques déclassés pour la production d'acier, afin de répondre aux besoins de sa croissance. de répondre aux besoins de sa croissance.
, Nickel pig iron (NPI) is a low grade ferro … Nickel pig iron (NPI) is a low grade ferronickel invented in China as a cheaper alternative to pure nickel for the production of stainless steel. The production process of nickel pig iron utilizes lateritic nickel ores instead of pure nickel sold on the world market. The alternative was developed as a response to the high price of pure nickel. The estimated cost of a ton of nickel pig iron ranged between US$16,500 and $18,000 in 2012, and this cheaper substitute for pure nickel influences the price of nickel on the world market by lowering the demand in certain applications, the most important being the production of stainless steel, representing about two-thirds of nickel use. Nickel pig iron is made of low-grade nickel ore, coking coal, and a mixture of gravel and sand as an aggregate. This mixture is heated in either a blast furnace or an electric arc furnace depending on the desired grade. Impurities are then removed via smelting and sintering processes and the resulting nickel pig iron contains four to 13 percent pure nickel. According to the Canadian city of Sudbury, nickel pig iron equals "dirty nickel" because the production process is not environmentally friendly, the carbon dioxide emissions being particularly high. China had imported most of the nickel containing ore from Indonesia and the Philippines, but as of Jan 2014, Indonesia has banned the export of ore. China imported 53 percent of the nickel ore from Indonesia in 2011. While China is credited with the invention of NPI there are reports that NPI has been around for more than 100 years but it was the Chinese who successfully made the production commercially viable.y made the production commercially viable.
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http://iiss12.karabuk.edu.tr/papers/METALLURGY%20&%20MATERIALS/NICKEL%20PIG%20IRON%20%28NPI%29%20PRODUCTION%20FROM%20DOMESTIC%20LATERITIC%20NICKEL%20ORES%20USING%20INDUCTION%20FURNACE.pdf/ +
, http://indoferro.growthsteelgroup.com/resources/what_is_nickel_pig_iron.php/ +
, https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/industry-news/energy-and-resources/a-breakthrough-in-china-branother-blow-for-sudbury/article4099122/ +
, http://www.northernontariobusiness.com/Industry-News/mining/Creating-a-ceiling-for-future-nickel-prices.aspx/ +
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| rdfs:comment |
Nickel pig iron (NPI) is a low grade ferro … Nickel pig iron (NPI) is a low grade ferronickel invented in China as a cheaper alternative to pure nickel for the production of stainless steel. The production process of nickel pig iron utilizes lateritic nickel ores instead of pure nickel sold on the world market. The alternative was developed as a response to the high price of pure nickel. The estimated cost of a ton of nickel pig iron ranged between US$16,500 and $18,000 in 2012, and this cheaper substitute for pure nickel influences the price of nickel on the world market by lowering the demand in certain applications, the most important being the production of stainless steel, representing about two-thirds of nickel use.presenting about two-thirds of nickel use.
, La fonte brute de nickel, fréquemment appe … La fonte brute de nickel, fréquemment appelée par son équivalent anglais nickel pig iron et couramment abrégée en NPI, est un ferronickel à faible teneur en nickel, typiquement moins de 15 % de nickel. La fonte brute de nickel est un ferroalliage inventé au début du XXe siècle, mais progressivement tombé en désuétude au profit du ferronickel. Cependant, en 2005, la Chine le remet au goût du jour, en réutilisant de petits hauts fourneaux sidérurgiques déclassés pour la production d'acier, afin de répondre aux besoins de sa croissance. de répondre aux besoins de sa croissance.
, Nickel pig iron (disingkat NPI) merupakan … Nickel pig iron (disingkat NPI) merupakan berkadar yang berkadar rendah. Latar belakang diproduksinya NPI adalah sebagai alternatif pengganti feronikel sebagai bahan baku dalam pembuatan baja tahan karat (stainless steel). Produksi NPI diprakarsai oleh Tiongkok sejak 2005. NPI berbentuk batangan yang tidak merata (uneven ingot shape).an yang tidak merata (uneven ingot shape).
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Nickel pig iron
, Fonte brute de nickel
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