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Джеймс Дэвид Вулфенсон (англ. James David Wolfensohn; 1 декабря 1933 — 25 ноября 2020) — 9-й президент Всемирного банка.
, جيمس وولفنسون (بالإنجليزية: James Wolfensohn) (1 ديسمبر 1933 في سيدني - 25 نوفمبر 2020) اقتصادي، ومصرفي، ومبارز بالسيف، وسياسي، ومحامي من الولايات المتحدة.
, James David „Jim“ Wolfensohn (* 1. Dezember 1933 in Sydney, Australien; † 25. November 2020 in New York City) war ein australisch-US-amerikanischer Ökonom und von 1995 bis 2005 der neunte Präsident der Weltbank.
, James David Wolfensohn (Sídney, 1 de dicie … James David Wolfensohn (Sídney, 1 de diciembre de 1933 - Nueva York, 25 de noviembre de 2020) fue un abogado, banquero de inversiones y economista australiano-estadounidense que se desempeñó como noveno presidente del Grupo del Banco Mundial (1995-2005). Cuando Wolfensohn asumió el cargo en el Banco Mundial en 1995, se veía a sí mismo como un sucesor espiritual de un exdirector del Banco Mundial, Robert McNamara. Nació en Sídney, Australia, y se graduó de la Universidad de Sídney y la Escuela de Negocios de Harvard; también fue esgrimista olímpico. Trabajó para varias empresas en Gran Bretaña y Estados Unidos antes de formar su propia firma de inversión. Wolfensohn se convirtió en ciudadano estadounidense en 1980, lo que le exigió que renunciara a su ciudadanía australiana, aunque finalmente la recuperó en 2010. Ocupó dos mandatos como presidente del Banco Mundial en la nominación del presidente de los Estados Unidos, Bill Clinton, y desde entonces ocupó varios puestos en organizaciones benéficas.arios puestos en organizaciones benéficas.
, ジェームズ・ウォルフェンソン（James Wolfensohn, 1933年12月1日 - 2020年11月25日）は、オーストラリア出身の経済学者。世界銀行グループ総裁（第9代）。
, James Wolfensohn, né le 1er décembre 1933 à Sydney (Australie), et mort le 25 novembre 2020 à Manhattan, est le neuvième président de la Banque mondiale depuis sa création en décembre 1945. Il devient citoyen américain en 1980.
, Sir James Wolfensohn (Sydney, 1º dicembre 1933 – New York, 25 novembre 2020) è stato uno schermidore, economista e banchiere australiano naturalizzato statunitense, che fu presidente della Banca Mondiale dal 1995 al 2005.
, James David Wolfensohn KBE, AO (1 de dezem … James David Wolfensohn KBE, AO (1 de dezembro de 1933 – Manhattan, 25 de novembro de 2020) foi um banqueiro australiano-americano que ocupou o cargo de presidente do Banco Mundial de 1995 a 2005. Morreu em 25 de novembro de 2020 em Manhattan, aos 86 anos, de complicações causadas por uma pneumonia.e complicações causadas por uma pneumonia.
, James Wolfensohn (1. prosince 1933 – 25. l … James Wolfensohn (1. prosince 1933 – 25. listopadu 2020) byl devátým prezidentem Skupiny Světové banky. Život Jamese Wolfensohna je charakteristický určitou formou hyperaktivity. Narodil se v australském Sydney. Austrálii reprezentoval v šermu na letní olympiádě v roce 1956. Po studiích na se věnoval investičnímu bankovnictví v Londýně a New Yorku. V roce 1979 pomáhal zachraňovat finanční situaci výrobce automobilů Chrysler. Vedle svých podnikatelských aktivit zároveň předsedal newyorské Carnegie Hall a washingtonskému . Sám vystoupil s některými věhlasnými hudebníky. Prezidentem Skupiny Světové banky se stal na návrh amerického prezidenta Billa Clintona 1. července 1995. Na výročním zasedání Banky v říjnu 1996 mluvil Wolfensohn o rakovině korupce, což bylo doposud v rámci Banky naprosté tabu. Wolfensohn tak předznamenal větší zaměření banky na reformy soudnictví, veřejné správy atp. Brzy začal více zdůrazňovat i témata náboženství či kultury, což doposud bylo zcela mimo dosah instituce. První obětí jeho boje proti rakovině korupce měl být Suharto. Byla to totiž návštěva v Indonésii v květnu 1996, která Wolfensohna upozornila na rozměry problému korupce.na upozornila na rozměry problému korupce.
, James Wolfensohn (1 Desember 1933 – 25 Des … James Wolfensohn (1 Desember 1933 – 25 Desember 2020) adalah Presiden Bank Dunia dari tahun 1995 hingga 2005. Pada masa mudanya ia pernah menjadi kapten tim anggar Australia pada Olimpiade Melbourne 1956 serta anggota Angkatan Udara Kerajaan Australia. Setelah menyelesaikan pendidikan dalam bidang hukum dan humaniora dari Universitas Sydney, ia meraih gelar MBA dari Universitas Harvard pada tahun 1959. Ia kemudian mulai bekerja di beberapa institusi perbankan di Australia sebelum dipekerjakan , sebuah bank investasi yang bermarkas di London. Dari tahun 1970 hingga 1976 ia menjadi managing director Schroders cabang New York City. Tahun 1980 ia menjadi warganegara Amerika Serikat (AS) setelah dirumorkan akan dicalonkan sebagai presiden Bank Dunia, tetapi ia tidak berhasil terpilih. Ia akhirnya menjadi Presiden Bank Dunia pada tahun 1995 setelah dicalonkan Presiden AS Bill Clinton. Tahun 2000 ia terpilih lagi untuk masa bakti kedua. Setelah masa bakti keduanya selesai, Wolfensohn kini menjadi penasehat senior bagi Citigroup.i menjadi penasehat senior bagi Citigroup.
, James Wolfensohn (Sydney, 1 december 1933 … James Wolfensohn (Sydney, 1 december 1933 – New York, 24 november 2020) was een Amerikaans bankier en topfunctionaris. Wolfensohn was de president van de Wereldbank van 1995 tot 2005. In dat jaar werd hij opgevolgd door Paul Wolfowitz. Wolfensohns eerste initiatieven als voorzitter van de Wereldbank betroffen een totale koerswijziging met het traditionele beleid van de Wereldbank, dat werkte met SAP's (Structurele aanpassingsprogramma's). Deze top-down aanpak voldeed in de praktijk namelijk niet: de resultaten vielen enorm tegen. Zo moest Mexico, een van de meest voorbeeldige landen met betrekking tot het volgen van het SAP, extra hulp vragen aan de Wereldbank omdat het het hoofd niet boven water kon houden, terwijl de Oost-Aziatische landen, die de voorschriften van de SAP's niet volgden, het wel steeds beter deden. Wolfensohn overleed in 2020 op 86-jarige leeftijd.hn overleed in 2020 op 86-jarige leeftijd.
, 詹姆士·大衛·伍芬桑爵士，KBE，AO（英語：Sir James David Wolfensohn，1933年12月1日－2020年11月25日），澳洲裔美國人，律師、投資銀行家與经济学家，曾任世界銀行集團第九任行長。
, Sir James David WOLFENSOHN KBE (1a de Dece … Sir James David WOLFENSOHN KBE (1a de Decembro 1933 - 25a de Novembro 2020) estis aŭstrali-usona advokato, investista bankisto, kaj ekonomikisto kiu servis kiel la naŭa prezidanto de la Grupo de la Monda Banko (1995–2005). Dum sia postentempo en la Monda Banko, li estis konsiderita kiel fokusanto al mildigo de malriĉeco kaj repensulo por la financado de la evoluigo, kio havigis al li rekonon kiel la bankisto de la malriĉuloj de la mondo. En aliaj taskoj, li entreprenis agadojn kiuj savis at brought Chrysler Corporation el la rando de bankroto, kaj ankaŭ plibonigis la financojn de la ĉefaj usonaj kulturaj institucioj, kiel Carnegie Hall kaj la . Li servis du regotempojn kiel Prezidento de la Monda Banko pro nomumo de la usona prezidento Bill Clinton, kaj krome tenis kelkajn variajn sintenojn en bonfaraj organizoj kaj en pensesplora institucio Brookings Institution. Li naskiĝis en Sidnejo, Aŭstralio, kaj estis gradigito en la Universitato de Sidnejo kaj en la Harvard Business School; li estis ankaŭ olimpia skermisto. Li laboris por kelkaj kompanioj en Britio kaj Usono antaŭ formi sian propran investofirmaon. Wolfensohn iĝis usona ŝtatano en 1980 kaj rezignis pri sia aŭstralia ŝtataneco, kvankam li finfine reakiris ĝin en 2010., kvankam li finfine reakiris ĝin en 2010.
, Sir James David Wolfensohn KBE, AO (1 Dece … Sir James David Wolfensohn KBE, AO (1 December 1933 – 25 November 2020) was an Australian-American lawyer, investment banker, and economist who served as the ninth president of the World Bank Group (1995–2005). During his tenure at the World Bank, he is credited with the focus on poverty alleviation and a rethink on development financing, earning him recognition as a banker to the world's poor. In his other roles, he is credited with actions that brought Chrysler Corporation back from the brink of bankruptcy, and also improving the finances of major United States cultural institutions, including Carnegie Hall and the Kennedy Center. He served two terms as President of the World Bank on the nomination of U.S. President Bill Clinton, and thereafter held various positions with charitable organizations and policy think-tanks including the Brookings Institution. He was born in Sydney, Australia, and was a graduate of the University of Sydney and Harvard Business School; he was also an Olympic fencer. He worked for various companies in Britain and the United States before forming his own investment firm. Wolfensohn became an American citizen in 1980 and renounced his Australian citizenship, although he eventually regained it in 2010.lthough he eventually regained it in 2010.
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James David Wolfensohn (Sídney, 1 de dicie … James David Wolfensohn (Sídney, 1 de diciembre de 1933 - Nueva York, 25 de noviembre de 2020) fue un abogado, banquero de inversiones y economista australiano-estadounidense que se desempeñó como noveno presidente del Grupo del Banco Mundial (1995-2005). Cuando Wolfensohn asumió el cargo en el Banco Mundial en 1995, se veía a sí mismo como un sucesor espiritual de un exdirector del Banco Mundial, Robert McNamara.rector del Banco Mundial, Robert McNamara.
, James David „Jim“ Wolfensohn (* 1. Dezember 1933 in Sydney, Australien; † 25. November 2020 in New York City) war ein australisch-US-amerikanischer Ökonom und von 1995 bis 2005 der neunte Präsident der Weltbank.
, Sir James David Wolfensohn KBE, AO (1 Dece … Sir James David Wolfensohn KBE, AO (1 December 1933 – 25 November 2020) was an Australian-American lawyer, investment banker, and economist who served as the ninth president of the World Bank Group (1995–2005). During his tenure at the World Bank, he is credited with the focus on poverty alleviation and a rethink on development financing, earning him recognition as a banker to the world's poor. In his other roles, he is credited with actions that brought Chrysler Corporation back from the brink of bankruptcy, and also improving the finances of major United States cultural institutions, including Carnegie Hall and the Kennedy Center. He served two terms as President of the World Bank on the nomination of U.S. President Bill Clinton, and thereafter held various positions with charitable orgaeld various positions with charitable orga
, Sir James David WOLFENSOHN KBE (1a de Dece … Sir James David WOLFENSOHN KBE (1a de Decembro 1933 - 25a de Novembro 2020) estis aŭstrali-usona advokato, investista bankisto, kaj ekonomikisto kiu servis kiel la naŭa prezidanto de la Grupo de la Monda Banko (1995–2005). Dum sia postentempo en la Monda Banko, li estis konsiderita kiel fokusanto al mildigo de malriĉeco kaj repensulo por la financado de la evoluigo, kio havigis al li rekonon kiel la bankisto de la malriĉuloj de la mondo. En aliaj taskoj, li entreprenis agadojn kiuj savis at brought Chrysler Corporation el la rando de bankroto, kaj ankaŭ plibonigis la financojn de la ĉefaj usonaj kulturaj institucioj, kiel Carnegie Hall kaj la . Li servis du regotempojn kiel Prezidento de la Monda Banko pro nomumo de la usona prezidento Bill Clinton, kaj krome tenis kelkajn variajn sintenoj, kaj krome tenis kelkajn variajn sintenoj
, Джеймс Дэвид Вулфенсон (англ. James David Wolfensohn; 1 декабря 1933 — 25 ноября 2020) — 9-й президент Всемирного банка.
, ジェームズ・ウォルフェンソン（James Wolfensohn, 1933年12月1日 - 2020年11月25日）は、オーストラリア出身の経済学者。世界銀行グループ総裁（第9代）。
, James Wolfensohn, né le 1er décembre 1933 à Sydney (Australie), et mort le 25 novembre 2020 à Manhattan, est le neuvième président de la Banque mondiale depuis sa création en décembre 1945. Il devient citoyen américain en 1980.
, James Wolfensohn (1 Desember 1933 – 25 Des … James Wolfensohn (1 Desember 1933 – 25 Desember 2020) adalah Presiden Bank Dunia dari tahun 1995 hingga 2005. Pada masa mudanya ia pernah menjadi kapten tim anggar Australia pada Olimpiade Melbourne 1956 serta anggota Angkatan Udara Kerajaan Australia. Setelah menyelesaikan pendidikan dalam bidang hukum dan humaniora dari Universitas Sydney, ia meraih gelar MBA dari Universitas Harvard pada tahun 1959. dari Universitas Harvard pada tahun 1959.
, جيمس وولفنسون (بالإنجليزية: James Wolfensohn) (1 ديسمبر 1933 في سيدني - 25 نوفمبر 2020) اقتصادي، ومصرفي، ومبارز بالسيف، وسياسي، ومحامي من الولايات المتحدة.
, James Wolfensohn (Sydney, 1 december 1933 … James Wolfensohn (Sydney, 1 december 1933 – New York, 24 november 2020) was een Amerikaans bankier en topfunctionaris. Wolfensohn was de president van de Wereldbank van 1995 tot 2005. In dat jaar werd hij opgevolgd door Paul Wolfowitz. Wolfensohns eerste initiatieven als voorzitter van de Wereldbank betroffen een totale koerswijziging met het traditionele beleid van de Wereldbank, dat werkte met SAP's (Structurele aanpassingsprogramma's). Deze top-down aanpak voldeed in de praktijk namelijk niet: de resultaten vielen enorm tegen. Zo moest Mexico, een van de meest voorbeeldige landen met betrekking tot het volgen van het SAP, extra hulp vragen aan de Wereldbank omdat het het hoofd niet boven water kon houden, terwijl de Oost-Aziatische landen, die de voorschriften van de SAP's niet volgden,e voorschriften van de SAP's niet volgden,
, 詹姆士·大衛·伍芬桑爵士，KBE，AO（英語：Sir James David Wolfensohn，1933年12月1日－2020年11月25日），澳洲裔美國人，律師、投資銀行家與经济学家，曾任世界銀行集團第九任行長。
, Sir James Wolfensohn (Sydney, 1º dicembre 1933 – New York, 25 novembre 2020) è stato uno schermidore, economista e banchiere australiano naturalizzato statunitense, che fu presidente della Banca Mondiale dal 1995 al 2005.
, James Wolfensohn (1. prosince 1933 – 25. l … James Wolfensohn (1. prosince 1933 – 25. listopadu 2020) byl devátým prezidentem Skupiny Světové banky. Život Jamese Wolfensohna je charakteristický určitou formou hyperaktivity. Narodil se v australském Sydney. Austrálii reprezentoval v šermu na letní olympiádě v roce 1956. Po studiích na se věnoval investičnímu bankovnictví v Londýně a New Yorku. V roce 1979 pomáhal zachraňovat finanční situaci výrobce automobilů Chrysler. Vedle svých podnikatelských aktivit zároveň předsedal newyorské Carnegie Hall a washingtonskému . Sám vystoupil s některými věhlasnými hudebníky.ystoupil s některými věhlasnými hudebníky.
, James David Wolfensohn KBE, AO (1 de dezem … James David Wolfensohn KBE, AO (1 de dezembro de 1933 – Manhattan, 25 de novembro de 2020) foi um banqueiro australiano-americano que ocupou o cargo de presidente do Banco Mundial de 1995 a 2005. Morreu em 25 de novembro de 2020 em Manhattan, aos 86 anos, de complicações causadas por uma pneumonia.e complicações causadas por uma pneumonia.
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, Джеймс Вулфенсон
, Вулфенсон, Джеймс
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