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Holism in science, holistic science, or me … Holism in science, holistic science, or methodological holism is an approach to research that emphasizes the study of complex systems. Systems are approached as coherent wholes whose component parts are best understood in context and in relation to both each other and to the whole. Holism typically stands in contrast with reductionism, which describes systems by dividing them into smaller components in order to understand them through their elemental properties. The holism-individualism dichotomy is especially evident in conflicting interpretations of experimental findings across the social sciences, and reflects whether behavioural analysis begins at the systemic, macro-level (ie. derived from social relations) or the component micro-level (ie. derived from individual agents).evel (ie. derived from individual agents).
, 전체과학(영어: holistic science)은 전체론(영어: holism)적 사고관에 기반한 과학이다. 전체과학은 복잡계를 전체 그대로 연구할 것을 강조하며, 이런 점에서 전체의 일부를 연구하여 전체를 파악하는 전통적 분석과학(= 환원론 과학)과 반대된다고 할 수 있다.
, الشمولية في العلوم، أو العلوم الشمولية، هي … الشمولية في العلوم، أو العلوم الشمولية، هي نهج للبحث يركز على دراسة النظم المعقدة. يتم التعامل مع النظم باعتبارها كل متماسك تُفهم عناصره المكونة في سياق وبالمقارنة مع بعضها البعض ومع الكل. تتناقض هذه الممارسة مع تقاليد الفلسفة التحليلية البحتة (التي تُسمى أحيانًا الاختزال) والتي تهدف إلى فهم الأنظمة عن طريق تقسيمها إلى عناصر تكوين أصغر، وفهم النظام من خلال فهم خواصها الأساسية. غالبًا ما يكون تناقض الشمولية-الاختزالية واضحًا في التفسيرات المتضاربة للنتائج التجريبية وفي تحديد أولويات البحوث المستقبلية.ريبية وفي تحديد أولويات البحوث المستقبلية.
, La scienza olistica è un paradigma interpr … La scienza olistica è un paradigma interpretativo che concepisce la realtà come il prodotto di una complessa e reciproca interazione fra le sue parti. Non è una disciplina scientifica, ma definisce piuttosto un approccio filosofico in cui vengono considerate le proprietà emergenti più macroscopiche nell'applicazione del metodo scientifico, spesso utilizzando un metodo ampiamente interdisciplinare o multidisciplinare. Privilegiando una visione di sintesi, questo approccio si contrappone pertanto alla tradizione puramente analitica, tipica del riduzionismo e del meccanicismo, che si propone di interpretare i sistemi complessi dividendoli nelle loro componenti e studiandone separatamente le proprietà. e studiandone separatamente le proprietà.
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الشمولية في العلوم، أو العلوم الشمولية، هي … الشمولية في العلوم، أو العلوم الشمولية، هي نهج للبحث يركز على دراسة النظم المعقدة. يتم التعامل مع النظم باعتبارها كل متماسك تُفهم عناصره المكونة في سياق وبالمقارنة مع بعضها البعض ومع الكل. تتناقض هذه الممارسة مع تقاليد الفلسفة التحليلية البحتة (التي تُسمى أحيانًا الاختزال) والتي تهدف إلى فهم الأنظمة عن طريق تقسيمها إلى عناصر تكوين أصغر، وفهم النظام من خلال فهم خواصها الأساسية. غالبًا ما يكون تناقض الشمولية-الاختزالية واضحًا في التفسيرات المتضاربة للنتائج التجريبية وفي تحديد أولويات البحوث المستقبلية.ريبية وفي تحديد أولويات البحوث المستقبلية.
, 전체과학(영어: holistic science)은 전체론(영어: holism)적 사고관에 기반한 과학이다. 전체과학은 복잡계를 전체 그대로 연구할 것을 강조하며, 이런 점에서 전체의 일부를 연구하여 전체를 파악하는 전통적 분석과학(= 환원론 과학)과 반대된다고 할 수 있다.
, Holism in science, holistic science, or me … Holism in science, holistic science, or methodological holism is an approach to research that emphasizes the study of complex systems. Systems are approached as coherent wholes whose component parts are best understood in context and in relation to both each other and to the whole. Holism typically stands in contrast with reductionism, which describes systems by dividing them into smaller components in order to understand them through their elemental properties.d them through their elemental properties.
, La scienza olistica è un paradigma interpr … La scienza olistica è un paradigma interpretativo che concepisce la realtà come il prodotto di una complessa e reciproca interazione fra le sue parti. Non è una disciplina scientifica, ma definisce piuttosto un approccio filosofico in cui vengono considerate le proprietà emergenti più macroscopiche nell'applicazione del metodo scientifico, spesso utilizzando un metodo ampiamente interdisciplinare o multidisciplinare. Privilegiando una visione di sintesi, questo approccio si contrappone pertanto alla tradizione puramente analitica, tipica del riduzionismo e del meccanicismo, che si propone di interpretare i sistemi complessi dividendoli nelle loro componenti e studiandone separatamente le proprietà. e studiandone separatamente le proprietà.
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, Holism in science
, علم شمولي
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