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The four-frequency of a massless particle, … The four-frequency of a massless particle, such as a photon, is a four-vector defined by where is the photon's frequency and is a unit vector in the direction of the photon's motion. The four-frequency of a photon is always a future-pointing and null vector. An observer moving with four-velocity will observe a frequency Where is the Minkowski inner-product (+−−−) Closely related to the four-frequency is the four-wavevector defined by where , is the speed of light and and is the wavelength of the photon. The four-wavevector is more often used in practice than the four-frequency, but the two vectors are related (using ) byut the two vectors are related (using ) by
, 在電磁學裏，平面電磁波的四維頻率 以公式定義為 ； 其中， 是電磁波的頻率， 是朝著電磁波傳播方向的單位矢量。 四維頻率與自己的內積永遠等於零： 。 類似地，四維角頻率 以公式定義為 ； 其中， 是電磁波的角頻率。 顯然地， 。 四維波向量 與四維角頻率有密切的關係，定義為 ； 其中， 是電磁波的波向量。 在本篇文章裏，閔可夫斯基度規的形式被規定為 ，這是参考了（John D. Jackson）的著作《經典電動力學》中所採用的形式；並且使用了經典的張量代数以及愛因斯坦求和約定。
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| rdfs:comment |
The four-frequency of a massless particle, … The four-frequency of a massless particle, such as a photon, is a four-vector defined by where is the photon's frequency and is a unit vector in the direction of the photon's motion. The four-frequency of a photon is always a future-pointing and null vector. An observer moving with four-velocity will observe a frequency Where is the Minkowski inner-product (+−−−) Closely related to the four-frequency is the four-wavevector defined byrequency is the four-wavevector defined by
, 在電磁學裏，平面電磁波的四維頻率 以公式定義為 ； 其中， 是電磁波的頻率， 是朝著電磁波傳播方向的單位矢量。 四維頻率與自己的內積永遠等於零： 。 類似地，四維角頻率 以公式定義為 ； 其中， 是電磁波的角頻率。 顯然地， 。 四維波向量 與四維角頻率有密切的關係，定義為 ； 其中， 是電磁波的波向量。 在本篇文章裏，閔可夫斯基度規的形式被規定為 ，這是参考了（John D. Jackson）的著作《經典電動力學》中所採用的形式；並且使用了經典的張量代数以及愛因斯坦求和約定。
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| rdfs:label |
四維頻率
, Four-frequency
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