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Доктрина Кальво (исп. Doctrina Calvo), наз … Доктрина Кальво (исп. Doctrina Calvo), названная в честь её автора — аргентинского историка и публициста Карлоса Кальво, — латиноамериканский принцип международного права, устанавливающий, что лица, проживающие в иностранных государствах, при возникновении юридических конфликтов (в том числе долговых) должны обращаться в местные судебные органы, не прибегая к давлению на своё правительство с целью применения дипломатических и военных санкций против соответствующей страны. Данный принцип закреплён в ряде латиноамериканских конституций. Позднее доктрина была расширена и стала называться Доктриной Драго.ширена и стала называться Доктриной Драго.
, La Doctrina Calvo, denominada así por su a … La Doctrina Calvo, denominada así por su autor, Carlos Calvo (1824-1906), es una doctrina panamericana de Derecho internacional que establece que, los extranjeros deben realizar sus demandas, reclamaciones y quejas sometiéndose a la jurisdicción de los tribunales locales, evitando recurrir a las presiones diplomáticas o intervenciones armadas de su propio Estado o gobierno. Ha sido recogida en varias constituciones latinoamericanas.en varias constituciones latinoamericanas.
, Doktrin Calvo adalah yang menetapkan bahwa … Doktrin Calvo adalah yang menetapkan bahwa yurisdiksi (wilayah hukum) persengketaan investasi internasional terletak di negara yang menerima investasi. Doktrin Calvo mengusulkan larangan atau intervensi (bersenjata) sebelum sumber daya lokal habis. Sesuai doktrin ini, seorang investor harus menyelesaikan permasalahannya di pengadilan setempat, bukan pengadilan di negara asalnya. Sebagai kebijakan, Doktrin Calvo adalah wujud dari nasionalisme hukum. Prinsip yang namanya diambil dari , Argentina, telah diterapkan di seluruh Amerika Latin dan kawasan lainnya di dunia. Doktrin ini didasarkan pada gagasan Calvo dalam Derecho internacional teórico y práctico de Europa y América (Paris, 1868). Calvo menyatakan bahwa doktrinnya perlu digunakan untuk mencegah penyalahgunaan wilayah hukum negara lemah oleh negara kuat. Doktrin ini sudah menjadi bagian dari konstitusi beberapa negara Amerika Latin serta sejumlah perjanjian, , dan kontrak. Doktrin ini sering digunakan dalam , klausa yang memberi hak putusan terakhir kepada pengadilan setempat dan menghapus segala potensi intervensi diplomatik. Doktrin Drago merupakan versi sempit dari Doktrin Calvo.merupakan versi sempit dari Doktrin Calvo.
, The Calvo Doctrine is a foreign policy doc … The Calvo Doctrine is a foreign policy doctrine which holds that jurisdiction in international investment disputes lies with the country in which the investment is located. The Calvo Doctrine stood in contrast to historical rules governing foreign investment which held that foreign investors could appeal expropriation decision by a foreign government in their home country. The Calvo Doctrine thus proposed to prohibit diplomatic protection or (armed) intervention before local resources were exhausted. An investor, under this doctrine, has no recourse but to use the local courts, rather than those of their home country. As a policy prescription, the Calvo Doctrine is an expression of legal nationalism. The principle, named after Carlos Calvo, an Argentine jurist, has been applied throughout Latin America and other areas of the world. The doctrine arose from Calvo's ideas, expressed in his Derecho internacional teórico y práctico de Europa y América (Paris, 1868; greatly expanded in subsequent editions, which were published in French). Calvo justified his doctrine as necessary to prevent the abuse of the jurisdiction of weak nations by more powerful nations. It has since been incorporated as a part of several Latin American constitutions, as well as many other treaties, statutes, and contracts. The doctrine is used chiefly in concession contracts, the clause attempting to give local courts final jurisdiction and to obviate any appeal to diplomatic intervention. The Drago Doctrine is a narrower application of Calvo's wider principle.er application of Calvo's wider principle.
, La Doctrine Calvo, du nom de son auteur, C … La Doctrine Calvo, du nom de son auteur, Carlos Calvo, est une doctrine du droit international qui prévoit que les personnes vivant dans un pays étranger doivent faire leurs demandes, des plaintes et des griefs dans le cadre de la compétence des tribunaux locaux, en évitant le recours à la pression diplomatique ou l'intervention militaire de son propre État ou de gouvernement. Cette doctrine a été recueillie dans plusieurs constitutions des pays de l'Amérique latine. Cette doctrine est parfois confondue avec la doctrine Drago, également en raison du juriste argentin Luis María Drago, qui établit une application plus restrictive de ce principe. Calvo justifie sa thèse en faisant remarquer qu'il était nécessaire d'empêcher les pays les plus puissants d'interférer dans la juridiction des pays plus faibles.
* Portail du droit
* Portail des relations internationalest
* Portail des relations internationales
, Die Calvo-Doktrin ist ein vom argentinisch … Die Calvo-Doktrin ist ein vom argentinischen Publizisten Carlos Calvo aufgestellter Rechtsgrundsatz, der insbesondere in lateinamerikanischen Ländern die Rechtsstellung von Ausländern regelte. Er besagt, dass bei privatrechtlichen Streitfragen von ausländischen Staatsangehörigen beziehungsweise Unternehmen die Rechtsprechung des Gastlandes vor Ort zuständig sei und somit eine diplomatische Intervention seines Heimstaates, insbesondere in Ausübung des diplomatischen Schutzrechts, zur Durchsetzung rechtlicher Ansprüche zu unterbleiben hat.rechtlicher Ansprüche zu unterbleiben hat.
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La Doctrine Calvo, du nom de son auteur, C … La Doctrine Calvo, du nom de son auteur, Carlos Calvo, est une doctrine du droit international qui prévoit que les personnes vivant dans un pays étranger doivent faire leurs demandes, des plaintes et des griefs dans le cadre de la compétence des tribunaux locaux, en évitant le recours à la pression diplomatique ou l'intervention militaire de son propre État ou de gouvernement. Cette doctrine a été recueillie dans plusieurs constitutions des pays de l'Amérique latine.
* Portail du droit
* Portail des relations internationalest
* Portail des relations internationales
, Die Calvo-Doktrin ist ein vom argentinisch … Die Calvo-Doktrin ist ein vom argentinischen Publizisten Carlos Calvo aufgestellter Rechtsgrundsatz, der insbesondere in lateinamerikanischen Ländern die Rechtsstellung von Ausländern regelte. Er besagt, dass bei privatrechtlichen Streitfragen von ausländischen Staatsangehörigen beziehungsweise Unternehmen die Rechtsprechung des Gastlandes vor Ort zuständig sei und somit eine diplomatische Intervention seines Heimstaates, insbesondere in Ausübung des diplomatischen Schutzrechts, zur Durchsetzung rechtlicher Ansprüche zu unterbleiben hat.rechtlicher Ansprüche zu unterbleiben hat.
, Doktrin Calvo adalah yang menetapkan bahwa … Doktrin Calvo adalah yang menetapkan bahwa yurisdiksi (wilayah hukum) persengketaan investasi internasional terletak di negara yang menerima investasi. Doktrin Calvo mengusulkan larangan atau intervensi (bersenjata) sebelum sumber daya lokal habis. Sesuai doktrin ini, seorang investor harus menyelesaikan permasalahannya di pengadilan setempat, bukan pengadilan di negara asalnya. Sebagai kebijakan, Doktrin Calvo adalah wujud dari nasionalisme hukum. Prinsip yang namanya diambil dari , Argentina, telah diterapkan di seluruh Amerika Latin dan kawasan lainnya di dunia.merika Latin dan kawasan lainnya di dunia.
, Доктрина Кальво (исп. Doctrina Calvo), наз … Доктрина Кальво (исп. Doctrina Calvo), названная в честь её автора — аргентинского историка и публициста Карлоса Кальво, — латиноамериканский принцип международного права, устанавливающий, что лица, проживающие в иностранных государствах, при возникновении юридических конфликтов (в том числе долговых) должны обращаться в местные судебные органы, не прибегая к давлению на своё правительство с целью применения дипломатических и военных санкций против соответствующей страны. Данный принцип закреплён в ряде латиноамериканских конституций.лён в ряде латиноамериканских конституций.
, The Calvo Doctrine is a foreign policy doc … The Calvo Doctrine is a foreign policy doctrine which holds that jurisdiction in international investment disputes lies with the country in which the investment is located. The Calvo Doctrine stood in contrast to historical rules governing foreign investment which held that foreign investors could appeal expropriation decision by a foreign government in their home country. The Calvo Doctrine thus proposed to prohibit diplomatic protection or (armed) intervention before local resources were exhausted. An investor, under this doctrine, has no recourse but to use the local courts, rather than those of their home country. As a policy prescription, the Calvo Doctrine is an expression of legal nationalism. The principle, named after Carlos Calvo, an Argentine jurist, has been applied throughout ntine jurist, has been applied throughout
, La Doctrina Calvo, denominada así por su a … La Doctrina Calvo, denominada así por su autor, Carlos Calvo (1824-1906), es una doctrina panamericana de Derecho internacional que establece que, los extranjeros deben realizar sus demandas, reclamaciones y quejas sometiéndose a la jurisdicción de los tribunales locales, evitando recurrir a las presiones diplomáticas o intervenciones armadas de su propio Estado o gobierno. Ha sido recogida en varias constituciones latinoamericanas.en varias constituciones latinoamericanas.
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, Доктрина Кальво
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