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British shadow factories were the outcome … British shadow factories were the outcome of the Shadow Scheme, a plan devised in 1935 and developed by the British Government in the buildup to World War II to try to meet the urgent need for more aircraft using technology transfer from the motor industry to implement additional manufacturing capacity. The term 'shadow' was not intended to mean secrecy, but rather the protected environment they would receive by being staffed by all levels of skilled motor industry people alongside (in the shadow of) their own similar motor industry operations. A directorate of Aeronautical Production was formed in March 1936 with responsibility for the manufacture of airframes as well as engines, associated equipment and armaments. The project was headed by Herbert Austin and developed by the Air Ministry under the internal project name of the Shadow Scheme. Sir Kingsley Wood took responsibility for the scheme in May 1938, on his appointment as Secretary of State for Air in place of Lord Swinton. Many more factories were built as part of the dispersal scheme designed to reduce the risk of a total collapse of production if what would otherwise be a major facility were bombed. These were not shadow factories, though some writers now use that name, believing wrongly that "shadow" refers to attempts to achieve a level of secrecy.to attempts to achieve a level of secrecy.
, Las factorías en la sombra británicas (nom … Las factorías en la sombra británicas (nombre original en inglés: british shadow factories) fueron el resultado del Plan en la Sombra (Shadow Scheme), una iniciativa ideada en 1935 y desarrollada por el Gobierno del Reino Unido como preparación ante un inminente conflicto bélico (que se materializaría en la Segunda Guerra Mundial). Su objetivo era tratar de satisfacer la necesidad urgente de disponer de más aeronaves, mediante la transferencia de la tecnología de la industria del automóvil al sector aeronáutico para ampliar su capacidad de producción. El término "sombra" no hacía referencia a ningún tipo de secreto, sino al entorno protegido que recibirían las actividades aeronáuticas, al poder contar con personal capacitado procedente de todos los niveles de la industria de la automoción (a la sombra de), dando a su operativa condiciones similares a las de la industria del motor. En marzo de 1936 se formó una Dirección de Producción Aeronáutica, con la responsabilidad de la fabricación de fuselajes, motores, equipos asociados y armamento. El proyecto estaba encabezado por Herbert Austin, y fue desarrollado por el Ministerio del Aire bajo el nombre interno de Shadow Scheme. asumió la responsabilidad del plan en mayo de 1938, al ser nombrado Secretario de Estado del Aire en lugar de . Se construyeron muchas nuevas factorías, como parte del esquema de dispersión diseñado para reducir el riesgo de un colapso total de la producción si se bombardeara lo que de otro modo sería una gran instalación. Estas no eran factorías en la sombra propiamente dichas. En algunos casos, con esta designación también se hizo referencia al intento de mantener la existencia de ciertas instalaciones en secreto.encia de ciertas instalaciones en secreto.
, Les usines britanniques de l'ombre furent … Les usines britanniques de l'ombre furent le résultat du plan de l'ombre, conçu en 1935 et développé par le gouvernement britannique en préparation de la Seconde Guerre mondiale pour tenter de répondre au besoin urgent de plus d'avions en utilisant le transfert de technologie de l'industrie automobile pour mettre en œuvre de nouvelles capacités de production. Le terme d’« ombre » ne signifiait pas secret, mais plutôt « ne pas être en première ligne » parce qu'utilisant le personnel qualifié de l'industrie automobile à tous niveaux, à côté de leurs propres activités dans l'industrie automobile. On devrait peut-être parler « d'usines dans l'ombre ». La direction de la Production aéronautique fut formée en mars 1936 avec la responsabilité de fabriquer des carlingues d'avions et des moteurs, les équipements associés et l'armement. Le projet fut dirigé par Herbert Austin et développé par le ministère de l'Air sous le nom de projet plan de l'ombre. Sir Kingsley Wood prit la responsabilité de l'opération en mai 1938, à la suite de sa nomination en tant que secrétaire d'État à l'Air, succédant à lord Swinton. Un grand nombre d'usines furent construites dans le cadre de mesures de dispersion conçues pour réduire le risque d'un effondrement total de la production en cas de bombardement d'une installation centralisée. Certains utilisent encore ce terme en croyant qu' "ombre" se référa aux tentatives d'atteindre un niveau de secret.entatives d'atteindre un niveau de secret.
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Les usines britanniques de l'ombre furent … Les usines britanniques de l'ombre furent le résultat du plan de l'ombre, conçu en 1935 et développé par le gouvernement britannique en préparation de la Seconde Guerre mondiale pour tenter de répondre au besoin urgent de plus d'avions en utilisant le transfert de technologie de l'industrie automobile pour mettre en œuvre de nouvelles capacités de production.uvre de nouvelles capacités de production.
, Las factorías en la sombra británicas (nom … Las factorías en la sombra británicas (nombre original en inglés: british shadow factories) fueron el resultado del Plan en la Sombra (Shadow Scheme), una iniciativa ideada en 1935 y desarrollada por el Gobierno del Reino Unido como preparación ante un inminente conflicto bélico (que se materializaría en la Segunda Guerra Mundial). Su objetivo era tratar de satisfacer la necesidad urgente de disponer de más aeronaves, mediante la transferencia de la tecnología de la industria del automóvil al sector aeronáutico para ampliar su capacidad de producción.o para ampliar su capacidad de producción.
, British shadow factories were the outcome … British shadow factories were the outcome of the Shadow Scheme, a plan devised in 1935 and developed by the British Government in the buildup to World War II to try to meet the urgent need for more aircraft using technology transfer from the motor industry to implement additional manufacturing capacity. The term 'shadow' was not intended to mean secrecy, but rather the protected environment they would receive by being staffed by all levels of skilled motor industry people alongside (in the shadow of) their own similar motor industry operations.eir own similar motor industry operations.
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Factorías en la sombra británicas
, Usines britanniques de l'ombre
, British shadow factories
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