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Aktivis pemegang saham adalah seseorang ya … Aktivis pemegang saham adalah seseorang yang menggunakan kepemilikan sahamnya pada sebuah perusahaan untuk menciptakan tekanan publik kepada pihak manajemen perusahaan tersebut. Sasaran para aktivis pemegang saham dapat berbeda-beda, mulai dari keuangan (peningkatan nilai pemegang saham melalui perubahan kebijakan perusahaan, struktur pembiayaan, pemotongan biaya, dan lain-lain) sampai non-keuangan (divestasi dari negara-negara tertentu, adopsi kebijakan yang ramah lingkungan, dan lain-lain). Daya tarik aktivisme pemegang saham sesungguhnya terletak pada murahnya biaya yang diperlukan. Dengan penguasaan saham yang cukup kecil (kurang dari 10% jumlah saham yang beredar), sudah dimungkinkan untuk melancarkan suatu kampanye yang berhasil. Sebagai perbandingan, pengambilalihan secara penuh (full take over) suatu perusahaan adalah upaya yang jauh lebih mahal dan sulit untuk dilakukan. Aktivisme pemegang saham telah menjadi semakin populer seiring dengan meningkatnya kompensasi untuk pihak manajemen pada banyak perusahaan publik, serta dengan kecendrungan meningkatnya saldo kas pada laporan neraca di perusahaan-perusahaan. Aktivisme pemegang saham timbul dalam bentuk beberapa kegiatan, antara lain perang mandat (proxy battle), kampanye publisitas, keputusan (resolusi) rapat umum pemegang saham, litigasi, dan negosiasi dengan manajemen. Dengan bertambahnya popularitas Internet, pemegang saham yang lebih kecil juga memperoleh jalan keluar untuk menyuarakan pendapat mereka. Pemegang saham kecil antara lain dapat menciptakan sebuah petisi online untuk memprotes kebijakan perusahaan.line untuk memprotes kebijakan perusahaan.
, Un azionista attivista (in inglese "activi … Un azionista attivista (in inglese "activist shareholder") usa la propria quota azionaria in una azienda per fare pubblicamente pressione sul management. Gli obiettivi degli attivisti possono essere finanziari (richiesta di cambiamenti nella corporate governance, struttura finanziaria, taglio dei costi, acquisto di azioni proprie) o non finanziari (adozione di politiche a favore dell'ambiente, disinvestimento da particolari paesi). Una quota piccola delle azioni (meno del 10%) può essere sufficiente a lanciare una campagna di successo. L'attivismo degli azionisti (in inglese "shareholder activism" od "attivismo assembleare") ha acquistato popolarità negli ultimi anni a causa dell'aumento degli stipendi di manager. Esso può avere diverse forme: battaglie sulle deleghe in assemblea (proxy battles), campagne pubbliche o negoziazioni con il management.ubbliche o negoziazioni con il management.
, المساهم الناشط هو المساهم الذي يستخدم حصة … المساهم الناشط هو المساهم الذي يستخدم حصة ملكية في شركة للضغط على إدارتها. قد تكون حصة صغيرة إلى حد ما (أقل من 10٪ من الأسهم القائمة) كافية لبدء حملة ناجحة. وبالمقارنة، فإن عرض الشراء الكامل هو عملية أكثر تكلفة وصعوبة. تتراوح أهداف المساهمين النشطين من المالية (زيادة قيمة المساهم من خلال التغييرات في سياسة الشركة، وهيكل التموي، وخفض التكالي، وما إلى ذلك) إلى غير المالية إلغاء الاستثمار من بلدان معينة، واعتماد سياسات صديقة للبيئة، إلخ). يمكن للنشطاء المساهمين معالجة التعامل الذاتي من قبل المطلعين على الشركات، على الرغم من أن كبار المساهمين يمكنهم أيضًا المشاركة في التعامل الذاتي لأنفسهم على حساب الأقلية من المساهمين.اتي لأنفسهم على حساب الأقلية من المساهمين.
, 股东积极主义（英語：Shareholder activism），，也被称为股东行动主义，是一种通过行使股东权利而向公司管理层施压的一种投资策略，行使股东积极主义的股东就被称为积极股东（Activist shareholder）。积极股东的诉求有财务方面的，也有非财务方面的。积极股东希望能够通过行使股东积极主义影响公司的决策，从而实现自己的诉求。
, アクティビスト（英: activist、アクティビスト・シェアホルダー、物言う株主（ものいうかぶぬし））とは、ある会社の株式を一定以上保有し、自己利益の最大化を目指すことを目的に、投資した会社の経営陣へ積極的に提言を行う投資家である。
, Un actionnaire activiste est un actionnair … Un actionnaire activiste est un actionnaire plus actif que les autres, et qui utilise la part du capital qu'il détient dans une société cotée pour y influencer la politique ou la structure de gouvernance de l'entreprise, voire sa production ou ses objectifs. Il s'agit d'une personne physique ou morale, généralement minoritaire, voire très minoritaire, qui « exige d'une société du changement, en faisant campagne, au-delà du dialogue bilatéral avec l'entreprise, auprès de sa direction, d'autres actionnaires et parfois publiquement ». L'actionnaire activiste cherche à faire coïncider les buts des dirigeants de l'entreprise avec les siens, ou avec ceux de lobbys (financiers, industriels, politiques…) pour lesquels il travaille, ou avec ce qu'il estime être le bien commun et l'intérêt général (actionnariat engagé). L'activisme actionnarial est une tendance qui semble émerger vers le milieu du XXe siècle et qui n'a cessé de progresser, dont en Europe et moindrement en France. Selon Forbes (2019), les actionnaires activistes (hors short sellers) affirment généralement jouer un rôle bénéfique de création de valeur, et faire augmenter le cours du titre, en poussant à la performance et au rendement supplémentaire pour les investisseurs. Quand il vise des groupes considérés comme stratégiques pour leur pays hôte, il devient un enjeu plus crucial.ys hôte, il devient un enjeu plus crucial.
, Ein aktiver Investor oder aktivistischer I … Ein aktiver Investor oder aktivistischer Investor (englisch shareholder activism oder activist investor) ist eine natürliche oder juristische Person, die mit Hilfe einer Beteiligung an einem meist börsennotierten Unternehmen versucht, die Strategie eines Unternehmens zu beeinflussen. Ziel ist immer eine Wertsteigerung der Beteiligung durch Aktienrückkäufe, höhere Dividenden, M&A, Spin-offs, Strategiewechsel oder durch Wechsel in der Geschäftsleitung und Verwaltungsrat. Häufig sind aktive Investoren der Meinung, dass das jeweilige Management der Unternehmung Eigeninteressen entwickelt habe, die diametral zu denen der Aktionäre bzw. Investoren stehen, und diese wertvernichtend seien. Beklagt werden häufig Mängel in der Corporate Governance sowie auch zu hohe Saläre oder Firmenjets und prunkvolle Büros. Diese Kämpfe werden häufig öffentlich-medial und in sozialen Netzwerken geführt.medial und in sozialen Netzwerken geführt.
, An activist shareholder is a shareholder w … An activist shareholder is a shareholder who uses an equity stake in a corporation to put pressure on its management. A fairly small stake (less than 10% of outstanding shares) may be enough to launch a successful campaign. In comparison, a full takeover bid is a much more costly and difficult undertaking. The goals of activist shareholders range from financial (increase of shareholder value through changes in corporate policy, cost cutting, etc.) to non-financial (disinvestment from particular countries, etc.). Shareholder activists can address self-dealing by corporate insiders, although large stockholders can also engage in self-dealing to themselves at the expense of smaller minority shareholders. According to research firm Insightia, a total of 810 listed companies globally were publicly subjected to activist demands in 2020, down from 896 in 2019. Shareholder activism can take any of several forms: proxy battles, publicity campaigns, shareholder resolutions, litigation, and negotiations with management. Daniel Loeb, head of Third Point Management, is notable for his use of sharply written letters directed towards the CEOs of his target companies. Activism may help to address the principal-agent problem where the management (agents) do not adequately respond to the wishes of the principals (investors) of publicly traded companies. In the 2010s, investments in the activist asset class grew, with activists receiving coverage by the media and positive attention from investors. Activists have typically engaged in adversarial campaigns, but have also in some cases been able to acquire board seats with a formal proxy context. Shareholder activists are making their mark on mergers and acquisitions as well – a 2015 survey of corporate development leaders found that 60% of respondents saw shareholder activism affecting transaction activity in their industry. Increasingly, however, the non-financial form of shareholder activism is affecting companies in a range of sectors. Shareholders, often with a comparatively small stake in a company, are seeking to influence the company's environmental and social performance. Some of the recent activist investment funds include: California Public Employees' Retirement System (CalPERS), Icahn Management LP, Santa Monica Partners Opportunity Fund LP, State Board of Administration of Florida (SBA), and Relational Investors, LLC. Due to the Internet, smaller shareholders have also gained an outlet to voice their opinions. In 2005, small MCI Inc. shareholders created an online petition to protest the MCI/Verizon merger.etition to protest the MCI/Verizon merger.
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Aktivis pemegang saham adalah seseorang ya … Aktivis pemegang saham adalah seseorang yang menggunakan kepemilikan sahamnya pada sebuah perusahaan untuk menciptakan tekanan publik kepada pihak manajemen perusahaan tersebut. Sasaran para aktivis pemegang saham dapat berbeda-beda, mulai dari keuangan (peningkatan nilai pemegang saham melalui perubahan kebijakan perusahaan, struktur pembiayaan, pemotongan biaya, dan lain-lain) sampai non-keuangan (divestasi dari negara-negara tertentu, adopsi kebijakan yang ramah lingkungan, dan lain-lain). Daya tarik aktivisme pemegang saham sesungguhnya terletak pada murahnya biaya yang diperlukan. Dengan penguasaan saham yang cukup kecil (kurang dari 10% jumlah saham yang beredar), sudah dimungkinkan untuk melancarkan suatu kampanye yang berhasil. Sebagai perbandingan, pengambilalihan secara penuh (fuandingan, pengambilalihan secara penuh (fu
, アクティビスト（英: activist、アクティビスト・シェアホルダー、物言う株主（ものいうかぶぬし））とは、ある会社の株式を一定以上保有し、自己利益の最大化を目指すことを目的に、投資した会社の経営陣へ積極的に提言を行う投資家である。
, Un actionnaire activiste est un actionnair … Un actionnaire activiste est un actionnaire plus actif que les autres, et qui utilise la part du capital qu'il détient dans une société cotée pour y influencer la politique ou la structure de gouvernance de l'entreprise, voire sa production ou ses objectifs. Selon Forbes (2019), les actionnaires activistes (hors short sellers) affirment généralement jouer un rôle bénéfique de création de valeur, et faire augmenter le cours du titre, en poussant à la performance et au rendement supplémentaire pour les investisseurs.ent supplémentaire pour les investisseurs.
, Un azionista attivista (in inglese "activi … Un azionista attivista (in inglese "activist shareholder") usa la propria quota azionaria in una azienda per fare pubblicamente pressione sul management. Gli obiettivi degli attivisti possono essere finanziari (richiesta di cambiamenti nella corporate governance, struttura finanziaria, taglio dei costi, acquisto di azioni proprie) o non finanziari (adozione di politiche a favore dell'ambiente, disinvestimento da particolari paesi). Una quota piccola delle azioni (meno del 10%) può essere sufficiente a lanciare una campagna di successo.iente a lanciare una campagna di successo.
, 股东积极主义（英語：Shareholder activism），，也被称为股东行动主义，是一种通过行使股东权利而向公司管理层施压的一种投资策略，行使股东积极主义的股东就被称为积极股东（Activist shareholder）。积极股东的诉求有财务方面的，也有非财务方面的。积极股东希望能够通过行使股东积极主义影响公司的决策，从而实现自己的诉求。
, An activist shareholder is a shareholder w … An activist shareholder is a shareholder who uses an equity stake in a corporation to put pressure on its management. A fairly small stake (less than 10% of outstanding shares) may be enough to launch a successful campaign. In comparison, a full takeover bid is a much more costly and difficult undertaking. The goals of activist shareholders range from financial (increase of shareholder value through changes in corporate policy, cost cutting, etc.) to non-financial (disinvestment from particular countries, etc.). Shareholder activists can address self-dealing by corporate insiders, although large stockholders can also engage in self-dealing to themselves at the expense of smaller minority shareholders. expense of smaller minority shareholders.
, المساهم الناشط هو المساهم الذي يستخدم حصة … المساهم الناشط هو المساهم الذي يستخدم حصة ملكية في شركة للضغط على إدارتها. قد تكون حصة صغيرة إلى حد ما (أقل من 10٪ من الأسهم القائمة) كافية لبدء حملة ناجحة. وبالمقارنة، فإن عرض الشراء الكامل هو عملية أكثر تكلفة وصعوبة. تتراوح أهداف المساهمين النشطين من المالية (زيادة قيمة المساهم من خلال التغييرات في سياسة الشركة، وهيكل التموي، وخفض التكالي، وما إلى ذلك) إلى غير المالية إلغاء الاستثمار من بلدان معينة، واعتماد سياسات صديقة للبيئة، إلخ). يمكن للنشطاء المساهمين معالجة التعامل الذاتي من قبل المطلعين على الشركات، على الرغم من أن كبار المساهمين يمكنهم أيضًا المشاركة في التعامل الذاتي لأنفسهم على حساب الأقلية من المساهمين.اتي لأنفسهم على حساب الأقلية من المساهمين.
, Ein aktiver Investor oder aktivistischer I … Ein aktiver Investor oder aktivistischer Investor (englisch shareholder activism oder activist investor) ist eine natürliche oder juristische Person, die mit Hilfe einer Beteiligung an einem meist börsennotierten Unternehmen versucht, die Strategie eines Unternehmens zu beeinflussen. Ziel ist immer eine Wertsteigerung der Beteiligung durch Aktienrückkäufe, höhere Dividenden, M&A, Spin-offs, Strategiewechsel oder durch Wechsel in der Geschäftsleitung und Verwaltungsrat.n der Geschäftsleitung und Verwaltungsrat.
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مساهم ناشط
, Activist shareholder
, Azionista attivista
, Aktiver Investor
, アクティビスト (株主)
, Aktivis pemegang saham
, 股东积极主义
, Actionnaire activiste
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